Osip Mandelstam could receive a European education and live in harmony with the Soviet regime, engaging in literary creativity. He could live a quiet life and raise children. But the poet chose a different path that made him famous.
Childhood and youth
Osip Emilievich Mandelstam was born on January 15, 1891 in the Polish city of Warsaw. Osip was not the only child in the family, he had two brothers. By the way, at the birth of the boy, he was awarded the name Joseph, but later he himself changed his name and began to be called Osip. His father was involved in the manufacture and sale of gloves, and his mother was a musician. Due to the fact that the head of the family was in the first guild of merchants, this gave him the right to leave the Pale of Settlement and rush to anywhere in the world.
In 1896, the Osip family moved to St. Petersburg. In this city, the boy was educated, graduating from the Tenishevsky School in 1907.
Creation
Love for beauty manifested itself in the young man in early childhood. A big role in this was played by the mother of the future poet, who played music every day.
After college, the young man goes to France for higher education. And in 1908 he became a student at the Sorbonne. After 3 years, he has to leave his studies due to financial difficulties that have arisen.
Osin did not receive the coveted diploma, but during his studies he first published his poems in the Apollo magazine and made a fateful acquaintance with Nikolai Gumilev. At the same time, Mandelstam is fond of French poetry.
The young poet continues his studies at the St. Petersburg university, but even here Osip was not destined to receive a diploma.
The first collection of poems entitled "Stone" was published in 1913. At the same time, the poet met Alexander Blok, the Tsvetaev sisters and Korney Chukovsky.
After the October Revolution, Osip leaves the institute and becomes famous not only among poets, but also to the detriment of readers.
5 years after the bloody events, Mandelstam released his second collection "Tristia". And in 1928, the last third collection entitled "Poems".
In 1933, he publicly read an anti-Stalinist poem of his own composition, because of which, later, he was arrested and exiled to the Perm region. After some time, thanks to the efforts of his wife, he manages to move to Voronezh. As soon as the period of his stay in exile came to an end, Mandelstam left for Moscow. However, in 1938 he again became a prisoner and exiled to the Far East.
On the way, Osip died, never reaching the place of exile. Someone claims that the cause of death was heart paralysis, while others say that Osip Emilievich died of typhus.
His body was simply thrown into a mass grave along with the rest of the victims of repression. Therefore, the burial place of the poet is still unknown to anyone.
Throughout his creative career, the famous poet managed to write many poems, which were issued in several collections. But for about two decades from the day of his death, his name was under the strictest ban. Therefore, all his works were gradually republished after the death of Stalin.
Personal life
At the age of 28, Osip Emilievich met Nadezhda Khazina. The water lilies, which Osip gave to the girl, became the symbol of their love. In 1922 they become husband and wife. The wife was always close to Osip, and even went into exile with him.
