Hyksos (Hyksos) is the name of the conquerors of Egypt, probably of Semitic origin, who invaded the Nile Delta from Asia at the end of the reign of the XIII dynasty, around 1075 BC. The account of the Gix invasion is given by Manetho in the second book.
The name "giksa" is interpreted by Manetfolus as "shepherd kings"; however, it is more correct to understand it as a Greek distortion of the Egyptian term "rulers of countries." Manetho's story about the Hyx invasion has the character of a folk story and, giving a generally true tradition, cannot be considered a reliable historical monument.
There are very few monuments dating back directly to the Hyks themselves; they have been found in Egypt, in the South near the Tapestry, in southern Palestine, in Mesopotamia and in Crete. This indicates that the influence (if not the dominion) of the Hyks extended over an extremely wide area. The Gix invasion came from the North. On the northeastern border of Egypt, at the caravan route to Syria, they founded a fortified point, mountains. Avaris and, according to Manetho, imposed a tribute on the whole of Egypt, "overthrowing what was done."
Their dominion lasted, taking into account the latest scientific data, not 500 years (Manetho), but only about 150 years. An attempt to overthrow the yoke of the Hyxes was made from the south by the rulers of Thebes, the three pharaohs of Sequenenre, who ruled successively one after another.
Only the first king of the next XVIII dynasty, Yahmes I, who continued the pursuit of the exiled enemy outside the country, to the south, managed to finally oust the Gix from their stronghold - Avaris. Palestine, Syria and Phenicia.
The Gixes withstood the onslaught in southern Palestine for 6 years; this leads us to assume that they owned both Syria and Palestine.
