Claude Antoine Rose is a French geologist of the early 9th century. By occupation, he was a military man, experienced in military affairs, possessing military qualities, as well as a traveler-researcher engaged in territorial research to obtain primary materials used in geographical research.
Claude Rose was born on July 9, 1798 in Aller (a commune in the French Republic, Burgundy region). At that time, France underwent a major transformation of the social and political system, which led to the proclamation of the First French Republic and equal citizens under the motto "Liberty, Equality, Brotherhood".
Geologist's youth
In his youth, Claude Antoine Rose studied at the famous high school for the training of engineers, founded by the French scientists Gaspard Monge and Lazare Carnot in one thousand seven hundred and ninety-four, called the École Polytechnique. Initially, it was located in the Latin Quarter of Paris, on Mount Saint-Genevieve, and from one thousand seven hundred and ninety-six, in the suburbs of Paris, Palaiseau. Pupils and graduates of the school were called at that time "polytechnics". In addition, the Polytechnic School is called "X", and its students "X", but the exact origin of this nickname is unknown: either a strong mathematical bias in teaching, or the coat of arms of the school with two crossed guns.
The history of the School in which the French geologist studied is closely connected with the complex, eventful history of France, especially with the French revolutions, Napoleon, as well as with the development of French and world science. In France, the School is popular among the people and is a symbol of the progress of French industry. From here came many great scientists, famous engineers and entrepreneurs. Many famous scientists graduate from the school: Jean-Baptiste Biot (1794) - physicist, Etienne Malus (1795) - physicist, President Marie François Sadi Carnot (1857), President Albert Lebrun (1890), founder of the Citroën concern André Citroen (1898), Marshal Michel Monoury (1863), Marshal Joseph Joffre (1869), Marshal Ferdinand Foch (1871), Marshal Emile Fayolle (1873), mathematicians Simeon-Denis Poisson and Louis Poinseau, physicist Augustin Fresnel, chemist Louis Gay-Lussac, astronomer François Arago.
After graduating from the Polytechnic School, Claude Antoine Rose enters the School of the General Staff, that is, the Military School. The purpose of its creation was to give military officer education to people from poor noble families. By the way, the young Napoleon Bonaparte was admitted to school in one thousand seven hundred and eighty-four, due to financial difficulties, he graduated from it in just one year instead of the prescribed two.
Career and service
From 1830 to 1847, these are the years of the French conquest of Algeria. Claude Antoine Rose, from one thousand eight hundred and thirty to one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three, served in Algeria as chief of a squadron of the main headquarters. France invaded and quickly captured the city of Algiers from June 14 to July 5 in 1830, after which it quickly took control of other coastal settlements. As a result of the internal political struggle in France, the decision was repeated to maintain control over the territory; in addition, additional military forces were repeatedly sent to Algeria over the following years to suppress resistance and move inland.
In 1833, after returning from the fighting, Claude Antoine Rose began more peaceful affairs. For the purpose of conducting geological surveys, he traveled throughout France for twenty years. After all, France is the richest country in minerals in Europe, ranks first in Europe in terms of reserves of uranium, lithium, niobium, iron ore, tantalum. A large amount of factual material in the geology of the country appears due to the intensified prospecting and exploration of minerals, which were required on an ever-increasing scale in connection with the rapid development of industry and construction. This led to the further development of geological science. A significant contribution was made by scientists who began to approach the explanation of various geological processes from a materialistic point of view.
In 1853, Rose had the next job, he was appointed head of the topographic station in the Papal region, which he served for five years. Claude Antoine Rose died on September 17, 1858 at the age of 60, in the town of Colombier-en-Brillonnet.
Awards and prizes
Claude Antoine Rose has the Legion of Honor. French national order, established by Napoleon Bonaparte on May 19, 1802, following the example of the knightly orders. According to the code of the Legion of Honor and the military medal, this honorary order has the status and rights of a legal entity. Belonging to the order is the highest mark of distinction, honor and official recognition of special merit in France. Admission to the order is carried out for outstanding military or civil service by the President of the French Republic, who is, ex officio, the Grand Master of the order. The Legion of Honor thus plays the role of one of the most important institutions of the French state and symbols of the republic.
Essays
- "Dress Course gognosie", written in 1830.
- "The Trained Line of Gology", written in 1830.
- "Journey to Algeria", written in one thousand eight hundred and thirty-three.
- "Geological description of the meridional part of the Vosges chain", written in one thousand eight hundred and thirty-four.
- "About Rain in Europe", written in one thousand eight hundred and fifty-five.
