The 19th century gave the world many ingenious inventions and works of art. The saxophone, airship, pasteurization, electric welding, trolleybus and much more were invented. Dostoevsky, Tolstoy, Dumas and Hugo worked in this era. Many lives were taken by the bloody events of the 19th century - the Napoleonic Wars, the Civil War in the United States, the Russian-Turkish battles.
Instructions
Step 1
Life of the nobility
Existence beyond their means brought the nobility of enlightened countries into debt dependence. Many went broke and eked out a miserable fortune. The constant scores and feasts of previous centuries had a significant impact on the well-being of many genera. But this does not mean that balls and hikes in salons stopped in the 19th century. Those nobles who could afford to spend happily continued to lead a chic lifestyle. Those who did not have a fortune took loans, tried to hit the jackpot in gambling, or simply went to distant lands for money and fame. Military operations around the globe have favored this.
Step 2
Merchants and the bourgeoisie in the 19th century
These estates amassed their capital so rapidly that they gradually began to displace the nobility from the leading positions in the world. The construction of railways, the use of the latest inventions, factories and plants greatly enriched these nouveau riches. Unlike the nobles, representatives of the bourgeoisie were in no hurry to indulge in rash spending. The capital received multiplied. Of course, not everything was so smooth here - new enterprises at times tended to go bankrupt, leaving their creators penniless.
Step 3
Peasants and Workers of the 19th Century
In the age of industrial growth, there was a large outflow of population from villages to cities. It is worth noting that in most cases the life of the peasants has improved. Serfdom was abolished in Russia, thanks to which the village people could work for themselves. Peasants from bast shoes changed into boots, the rich could hire workers themselves.
As for the cities, difficult working conditions and poor living conditions were commonplace for workers. They often had to live in barracks, work 14 hours a day, and the mortality rate was significant. Nevertheless, more and more villagers preferred to go in search of happiness in the cities. Literacy increased.
