Vsevolod Vsevolodov is a Russian physician, professor of veterinary science at the Imperial Medical and Surgical Academy of St. Petersburg. He is one of the founders of veterinary medicine in Russia.
Childhood, adolescence
Vsevolod Ivanovich Vsevolodov was born in 1790 in the village of Maryinskoye of the Nerekhtsky district of the Kostroma province of the Russian Empire. Little is known about his childhood. Vsevolod Ivanovich grew up in a wealthy family. His father wanted his son to graduate from theological seminary and, possibly, devote himself to serving God. Vsevolod Vsevolodov's parents were very devout and believed that their children should receive spiritual education without fail.
After graduating from secondary school, the future famous physician entered the Kostroma Theological Seminary. But he quickly realized that this area of knowledge was completely not for him. Contrary to the wishes of his father, he left the clergy without graduating from seminary. Vsevolod Ivanovich left for St. Petersburg and entered the Medical-Surgical Academy at the veterinary department. He was a "state-owned" student. In those days, this kind of training was very popular. Gifted young people were accepted to study, betting on full state support, providing housing, food, literature. This program was designed for those who could not study at their own expense. After graduating from the academy, Vsevolodov was offered a job as a zootomy dissector with Professor Yanovsky. Many wanted to learn from such a serious person, but the professor chose the most gifted student.
Career
Since 1815, Vsevolod Vsevolodov worked with the title of veterinary doctor of the first department. In 1816 he became a medical doctor. In 1824, Vsevolodov was appointed an inspector of the Pskov Medical Council. In those days, veterinary medicine was not made a separate science, therefore, specialists with medical education who deal with the treatment of animals could also treat people, performing the functions of paramedics. While working, he met Alexander Sergeevich Pushkin. Vsevolod Ivanovich had a chance to treat the poet when Pushkin was in exile in the village of Mikhailovskoye. Subsequently, they became friends and together traveled to counties and villages. Vsevolodov was there on medical and veterinary affairs, and Alexander Sergeevich collected folk songs, ditties.
In 1831, Vsevolodov's teacher, Professor Yanovsky, died. At that time, Vsevolod Ivanovich had not yet received his doctoral degree, but was appointed to replace the professor, acting at the department of the Medical-Surgical Academy. For a whole year he lectured on anatomy and zoology. In 1932 he was awarded the title of Doctor of Science, Professor.
In 1932 Vsevolodov wrote his first scientific report - "External examination (exterior) of domestic animals, mainly horses". The work was highly appreciated by the commission. This work laid the foundation for a new discipline in zoology - the study of the exterior.
Vsevolod Ivanovich wrote several scientific works in his life. Some of his first works were:
- "Zoosurgery, or guiding veterinary science" (1834);
- "Course of cattle breeding" (1836);
- "Anatomy of domestic animals, mainly mammals" (1846).
Vsevolod Vsevolodov devoted a lot of time to the study of animal diseases. He presented his observations and the results of the research carried out in the works:
- "Brief Pathology of Animal Medicine" (1838);
- "The experience of teaching about common diseases between animals" (1846);
- "On rinderpest" (1846).
Vsevolod Ivanovich began to compile "The alphabetical index of Russian time-based literature of 1735 - 1857". In 1857 he wrote the first volume, which turned out to be the only one.
In 1847, Vsevolod Vsevolodov graduated from the veterinary service and retired. After that, he was engaged only in scientific and literary work. The famous veterinarian was recognized as an honorary member of the Society of Russian Doctors, a full member of the Free Economic Society. In those days, these were very high ranks.
The merits of Vsevolod Ivanovich cannot be underestimated. He became one of the founders of veterinary science. Thanks to his research, veterinary medicine began to develop as an independent direction. Vsevolodov's works helped to defeat some animal diseases, from which cattle and small ruminants died out en masse in those days.
Vsevolod Ivanovich's works have been studied by modern scientists. Some of the assumptions expressed by the veterinarian in the pages of his works were confirmed only many years later. In 1991, Mikhail G. Tarshis published a separate book about the life and work of the famous physician. It is called "Vsevolod Ivanovich Vsevolodov". Collecting material for her, as the author admitted, was very difficult. Not much information about the main character has been preserved. But in the last years of the veterinarian's life, the first photo studio began to work, so the image of Vsevolodov was captured in a photograph.
Personal life
Vsevoloda Ivanovich led a rather closed way of life. He did not start high-profile novels and devoted almost all of his time to science and his beloved work. Biographers write that the famous veterinarian was still married and several children were born in the marriage.
Vsevolodov knew and was friends with many famous people of his time. Even though he was recognized by the scientific community, wrote several popular works and served as a veterinarian for almost 35 years, he was not rich, but died almost in poverty. Vsevolodov died on December 3, 1863 at the age of 73.
