The UN, the full name of the United Nations, which aims to maintain peace and security, as well as strengthen relations between states, began its work in October 1945.
The emergence of the idea of / u200b / u200bthe UN
The idea of creating the UN arose during the Second World War. Its implementation was discussed by the leaders of the countries that make up the coalition against Hitler and the Nazis practically from the beginning of hostilities.
The meeting, considered to be the first to influence the creation of the UN, took place on August 14, 1941. She passed in the Atlantic Ocean aboard a ship, and therefore the document signed there was called the Atlantic Charter. It was received by the leaders of two countries - the USA and Great Britain - F. D. Roosevelt and W. Churchill.
January 1, 1942. This date was marked by a meeting of representatives of four states - the USA, the Soviet Union, Great Britain and China. Then the first version of the United Nations Declaration was signed. On January 2, representatives of 22 more countries signed the document.
October 30, 1943. On this day, the leaders of the countries that prepared the UN Declaration signed another declaration - the Moscow one. In they agreed that a new organization responsible for world security will be created after the end of the war.
Summer and autumn 1944. Representatives of the drafting countries of the Declaration worked to create the goals, objectives and principles of the UN.
February 11, 1945. A meeting was held in Yalta. At this meeting, the final intention to create the UN was announced. The development of the concept of the organization continued.
Implementation of the idea of creating the UN
The very name United Nations appeared in 1942. It was proposed by Franklin D. Roosevelts, who died a few weeks before the signing of the documents on the creation of the UN. All participating countries found the name clear and defining organizational goals, and signed the Charter of the new organization at a conference in San Francisco, held from April to June 1945.
Initially, the document was signed by the conference participants representing 26 states. By June 26, 1945, their number had grown to 50. Poland joined the UN just before its start - on October 15, 1945. Today the United Nations has 193 Members.
The Charter entered into force on October 24, 1945. This day is celebrated all over the world as the birthday of the United Nations.
Brief information about the UN
The organizational structure consists of six divisions, under the direction of the Secretary General.
1. The Secretary General is the UN leader who is elected for a five-year term. Since 2007, it has been Ban Ki-moon from the Republic of Korea.
2. General Assembly - includes representatives of all UN member states. This is the main advisory and representative body.
3. Security Council - is responsible for maintaining security and peace. The Security Council creates sanctions and conducts peacekeeping military operations. Permanent member countries of the division are Russia, China, France, USA and Great Britain. There are also 10 temporary members elected every two years.
4. UN International Court of Justice - Responsible for resolving disputes at the global level.
5. Trusteeship Council - administers the Trust Territories.
6. Economic and Social Council - Coordinates UN staff in the areas represented.
7. Secretariat - is responsible for ensuring the work of the UN.
