Komsomolskaya Pravda is a Soviet and Russian daily socio-political newspaper, as well as an Internet publication (since 1998), a radio station (since 2009) and a television channel (since 2011, closed in 2014). They enter the publishing house "Komsomolskaya Pravda". The newspaper was founded on March 13, 1925 as the official print organ of the Komsomol
The first issue was published on May 24, 1925. Published 6 times a week (except Sundays). She was awarded the first Order of Lenin for. Subsequently, she was also awarded the Order of the October Revolution, the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree and twice the Order of the Red Banner of Labor.
The site of "Komsomolskaya Pravda" was created in 1998.
In February 2009, the Komsomolskaya Pravda radio station went on the air in Moscow.
On August 29, 2011, the Komsomolskaya Pravda TV channel was launched. Stopped broadcasting in December 2014.
History
Newspaper in the USSR
In accordance with the decision of the XIII Congress of the RCP (b), an all-Union youth newspaper and the official organ of the Central Committee of the Komsomol were created to cover the activities of the Komsomol. The first issue of the newspaper was published on May 24, 1925 and its circulation was 31 thousand copies. On August 14, 1925, the Central Committee of the RCP (b) issued a decree "On the work of the Komsomol in the field of the press", according to which the task was set to turn "Komsomolskaya Pravda" into an all-Union mass newspaper of the Komsomol. After VI Lenin published the article "How to Organize Competition" on January 20, 1929 in the newspaper Pravda, Komsomolskaya Pravda appealed to the working youth of transport and industry with a proposal to start holding an All-Union socialist competition.
From July 1932 to July 1937, the Responsible (Chief) Editor of the newspaper was V. M. Bubeykin, who was arrested and executed in 1937 on charges of participating in an anti-Soviet terrorist group. Rehabilitated December 28, 1955.
Initially, until 1991, the newspaper was the print organ of the Central Committee of the Komsomol and was oriented towards the Soviet youth audience. "Great Soviet Encyclopedia" defined the newspaper as the organizer ", that it was during ". It was noted that the newspaper ", as well as " and that ". It was noted that the newspaper ".
The newspaper had a variety of genres and printed many popular science and adventure articles. TSB notes: . Young Soviet writers and poets published their works in Komsomolskaya Pravda.
For four years, Vladimir Mayakovsky was a staff member of the newspaper, who wrote captions for cartoons, sold out to newspaper pages, and also published his poems (in 1928, 46 of his poems appeared in the newspaper). The newspaper published military essays by Arkady Gaidar, chapters from Alexander Fadeev's novel "Young Guard".
From the first day of the Great Patriotic War, the newspaper published front-line reports, a huge number of letters from the front and to the front, 38 field editions were organized on the most important sectors of the front. TSB noted that . In 1945, Komsomolskaya Pravda was awarded the Order of the Patriotic War of the 1st degree for services during the war. After the war, the newspaper set up mobile editorial offices in the destroyed Stalingrad at the Dneproges and other places.
Under Nikita Khrushchev, the newspaper was headed by his son-in-law A. I. Adzhubey, thanks to whom sections about travel, sports reviews and short stories appeared.
In the 1960-1970s, such talented journalists as Yuri Shchekochikhin, Yaroslav Golovanov and Vasily Peskov worked there. The "Scarlet Sail" section, where schoolchildren were published, gave a ticket to the profession for a number of future famous journalists: Boris Minaev, Andrey Maksimov, Andrey Malgin and others. According to Malgin, “the atmosphere at Scarlet Sail was wonderful. Freedom-loving. I will say, for example, that during the year that I was hanging out there, I heard political anecdotes, probably more than in all the years of perestroika. " In 1973, the newspaper had a circulation of about 9 million copies.
With the beginning of perestroika, socially critical articles began to appear in the newspaper, which further increased the popularity of the newspaper. In 1990, Komsomolskaya Pravda became the daily newspaper with the largest circulation in the world (22 million 370 thousand copies).
Komsomolskaya Pravda was the first in the country to publish a color newspaper: on February 23, 1984, the first issue of the supplement to the newspaper, the Sobesednik weekly, was published. It became a cult publication for those who were then 20. The circulation of the newspaper in record time reached 1 million 350 thousand copies: this, in particular, is described in the book “Vlad Listyev. A biased requiem , which also mentions that at the beginning of 1990, Komsomolskaya Pravda itself with a circulation of 12.5 million was the second largest newspaper in the world in terms of these indicators, second only to Trud and ahead of the Japanese newspaper Sakhi.
On December 1, 1990, "Komsomolskaya Pravda" ceased to be the organ of the Central Committee of the Komsomol, having turned, according to the imprint, into the "All-Union daily newspaper."
At the beginning of 1991, the editorial office organized and held a large-scale contest "Miss Press of the USSR", about which the film "Miss Press" was shot by the VID television company for Channel One.
On August 19, 1991, during the August putsch, the newspaper was banned by the State Emergency Committee, and for the first time in its history, issues on August 19 and 20 did not appear on schedule. But on August 21, the newspaper published the entire chronicle of the events of the putsch as a historical document.
After the collapse of the USSR in 1992, the newspaper was privatized and changed its concept to an entertainment one, keeping the name.
In modern Russia
Vladimir Putin with the anniversary edition of the newspaper, May 26, 2015
In the 1990s and 2000s, the newspaper noticeably shifted its focus from social and political topics to the gossip, the lives of celebrities and the entertainment of the reader, becoming one of the largest "tabloids". The political review remained in the newspaper, but took up less space.
Since the fall of 1993, the weekly "Komsomolskaya Pravda - Tolstushka" has been published on Fridays with an increased volume. Its circulation significantly exceeds the circulation of the daily issue and reaches 2, 7–3 million copies. Until 2005, the weekly was published on Fridays, then on Thursdays. Currently the weekly is published on Wednesdays.
In August 2000, the newspaper was the first to publish a list of 118 crew members of the sunken submarine Kursk. In November 2001, the daily edition of the newspaper was switched from black and white to full color.
On Monday, February 13, 2006, the entire sixth floor of the building, where the Moscow edition of Komsomolskaya Pravda was located, burned down. Despite the fire, Komsomolskaya Pravda remained to work on Pravda Street. The editorial office was moved to the building of the former clinic on the street. Pravda, 15.
In early August 2007, Komsomolskaya Pravda changed its address and moved to Stary Petrovsko-Razumovsky proezd (Dynamo metro station), where it is still located. The publishing house occupies the top 4 floors in the 6-storey building of the Moscow sewing association Vympel (founded in 1914), which rents out a significant part of its premises for commercial and other organizations.
Chief editors
As amended (right: editor-in-chief V. N. Sungorkin), 2010
Owner
According to media reports, the largest beneficiary of the publishing house "Komsomolskaya Pravda" is the son of the founder of the "Baltic Media Group" Sergei Rudnov. He indirectly controls at least 45% of the popular publication.
On December 22, 2016, LDV Press LLC changed its founders. Now, instead of the Cypriot Darbold Finance Ltd. 75.1% of the company is now directly owned by Sergei Rudnov. The remaining 24.9% belonged to Media Partner LLC, which is owned on a parity basis by Vitaly Krivenko and Sergey Orlov.
The very same "LDV Press" is known as a company that indirectly owns a controlling stake in JSC "Publishing House" Komsomolskaya Pravda ". This information was confirmed by Sergey Orlov himself in December 2016 through the press service of RVM Capital.
He specified that his effective share in the ID is estimated at 7.5%. It turns out that the effective share of the entire LDV Press in Komsomolskaya Pravda may be 60.2%, and that of Sergei Rudnov through LDV Press - 45.2%.
The owners of the remaining 14.7% of Komsomolskaya Pravda Publishing House are not known for certain. There was only information in the press that the editor-in-chief and general director of the publishing house Vladimir Sungorkin, as well as Arkady Evstafiev, now the general director of the Energy Union investment holding, were the minority shareholders of the publication.
Circulation
The circulation of the publication in Russia and the CIS countries in 2008 amounted to 35 million copies.
The newspaper is published abroad with a circulation of one million copies in 48 countries of the world. In Europe it is not inferior in circulation and competes with such Russian-language publications as AiF, Novoye Russkoe Slovo, Izvestia.
Awards
Page "Komsomolskaya Pravda", the contours of the Komsomol badge. 50 years of the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda". USSR stamp, 1975.
orders
· Order of Lenin (23 May 1930 - Order of Lenin No. 1) -.
· Order of the October Revolution (1975).
· Order of the Patriotic War, 1st degree (1945).
· Order of the Red Banner of Labor (1950).
· Order of the Red Banner of Labor (December 6, 1957) -.
Awards and ratings
In January 2015, KP. RU topped the rating of Russian Internet media with 25.4 million unique users per month (according to TNS)
· In November 2014, the radio station "Komsomolskaya Pravda" received an award for 1st place in the "SMIrotvorets-2014" competition in the category of federal radio. The program "National Question" was recognized as the best.
· In May 2014, the radio station "Komsomolskaya Pravda" received the All-Russian award in the field of radio broadcasting Radio Station Awards-2014 (BEST NEWS RADIO STATION OF THE COUNTRY)
In November 2013, KP. RU topped the rating of Russian Internet media with 21.5 million unique users per month (according to TNS)
· In 2013 and 2012 KP. RU twice became the winner in the "Golden Site" nomination
· In 2010 and 2008, KP. RU twice won the Runet Prize in the State and Society category
Facts
High-latitude polar expedition of the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda". USSR postal block, 1979.
· In 1979 the newspaper organized the “High-latitude polar expedition of the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda”.
· In 2002, the media reported on an incident in Tyumen when a Komsomolskaya Pravda journalist, who was intoxicated, got into a fight with the musicians of the Chaif group. A year earlier, two journalists of the newspaper prepared a report from a sobering-up station, where they had ended up, being, according to their confession, drunk. It is worth noting that the newspaper regularly publishes illustrated reports, which describe how its journalists and the characters they interview are engaged in copious drinking of alcoholic beverages.
· In 2000, a newly discovered species of beetle was named after a newspaper.
· In 2012, the Komsomolskaya Pravda media holding became one of the fastest growing private companies in the BRICs (according to the Rough Diamonds report from the Emerging Markets Research Institute, created by Ernst & Young and the Skolkovo Moscow School of Management).
· On July 18, 2012, Vladimir Putin sent a personal message to the residents of the affected areas of the Kuban through the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper: “… I know that many do not have television in Krymsk, news comes with a delay, so I decided to contact you directly through the newspaper "TVNZ"…"
· In 2013, due to the initiative of the Ulyanovsk governor to use an alternative text in the Ulyanovsk region for the international educational campaign "Total dictation", a scandal erupted in the media. Instead of "the work of a writer who actively uses profanity in his works," the text of Vasily Peskov, a journalist for Komsomolskaya Pravda, was chosen.
· According to the results of a survey by OMI (Online Market Intelligence), which specializes in online marketing research, Komsomolskaya Pravda was recognized as the “favorite brand of Russians” in the category of “newspapers” in 2013 and 2014.
Notable publications
· In 1982, Komsomolskaya Pravda began a series of publications by Vasily Peskov called Taiga Dead End, which tells about the life of the Lykov family of Old Believers found in 1978 in Khakassia, who voluntarily left communication with the outside world.
· In 1982, the newspaper published an article "Bluebird Stew", written from a letter from prominent cultural figures. The article criticized the then popular rock group Time Machine. The article became a notable event in the context of the fight against youth music and subculture, causing the outrage of the audience.
· Thierry Meyssan published an investigative journalism study in a newspaper on March 15, 2011, in which he claimed that NATO was behind the Bilderberg organization.
· In 2017, the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" and other media outlets that are part of the Publishing House announced a landmark project - the revival of the traditions of publishing a novel with a continuation in a periodical printed edition with the support of modern media: an Internet site, Internet radio, blog, e-book, audiobooks and paper books. Start of the project on March 14, International Pi Day. "Komsomolskaya Pravda" presented to the Russian and world Russian-speaking audience the historical adventure novel "The Secret of the Three Sovereigns" by Dmitry Miropolsky; ISBN 978-5-4470-0262-6; a large-scale investigation of the intricacies of Russian and world history. From the annotation:
St. Petersburg, Pavel
., the apostles
Evaluations
Positive
V. V. Tulupov in 2001 noted that despite the existing difficulties of an objective and subjective nature ". And also indicates that "banter".
Criticism
"TVNZ"
The current "Komsomolskaya Pravda" is often criticized for its tendentious presentation of material and for publishing "ducks". Critics refer the newspaper to the yellow press, and foreign publications call Komsomolskaya Pravda a "propaganda tabloid newspaper" due to the fact that criticism of the current government is never encountered on the pages of the newspaper.
According to lenizdat.ru in December 2007, student organizers of the Vomit Picket in St. Petersburg stated in their letter that they intend to sue the journalist of Komsomolskaya Pravda Artyom Skryabikov, since they considered the accusations of the organizers of the picket in the work of competitors set out in the report. “Sevzapmoloka”, the product of which these students were poisoned with, by the journalist's slander and fantasy. According to the organizers of the action, Skryabikov could not see in a nearby cafe a certain "respectable man" who was instructing the students, since, according to them, only students were sitting in the cafe and therefore the journalist could only listen to the conversation through the glass of the cafe. Therefore, the organizers of the action asked themselves the question: "This journalist successfully filmed the picket himself, why then did he not take pictures or video of that very" respectable man "and the process of" instruction "itself?"
In January 2014, Lenta.ru noted that “the newspaper translated into Russian a comic news about 37 people allegedly killed in Colorado from a marijuana overdose”, which was published in the satirical news blog The Daily Currant. The news reported that after the adoption of the law on the legalization of marijuana in the state of Colorado, on the first day of 2014, 37 people died from an overdose of this drug in the state, among whom The Daily Currant named 29-year-old Jesse Pinkman - “a former seller of methamphetamine from Albuquerque, who recently moved to Boulder to open a legal marijuana store. "Lenta.ru" notes that "Jesse Pinkman is one of the main characters of the series" Breaking Bad ", which actually produces and sells methamphetamine according to the plot" and points out that "the note quotes surgeon Jack Shepard - a character in the series" Lost ", Which "says in the material that people with hypospadias (congenital malformation of the external genital organs in men) and trimethylaminuria (fishy odor syndrome) are admitted to hospitals in Colorado." Lenta.ru draws attention to the fact that both The Daily Currant and Komsomolskaya Pravda in their news referred to the Colorado newspaper The Rocky Mountain News, which actually existed until 2009..
"Meduza" noted that in October 2016 in the "Politics" section, a text was published in the column of freelance blogger Sergei Leleka with the subtitle "Our columnist - about jokes on the technical condition of a unique aircraft carrier", dedicated to the campaign of the Russian aircraft carrier "Admiral Kuznetsov" in the Mediterranean sea. In it, criticizing the position of Anton Nosik and Sergei Parkhomenko, there was a passage that "if someone decides to become a military expert, then they can only be cured in a gas chamber." Soon the text of the column on the website of the newspaper and on Leleki's Facebook was edited, and a fragment was deleted, the corrections were agreed with the author.
Journalist and media commentator Igor Yakovenko called the newspaper "one of the most disgraceful phenomena of the Russian press", describing the editorial office as "an incubator for the removal of scum." The critic accused the publication of publishing ordered and slanderous materials, linking the degradation of Komsomolskaya Pravda to the activities of Vladimir Sungorkin.
Black Suit Porn
In the Friday separate issue of the newspaper "Komsomolskaya Pravda" in 1994, an article was published "Black suit porn", dedicated to an attempt by amateur filmmakers to shoot in August of the same year in Bitsevsky Park a scene from the German porn film "Ekaterina" in which the Empress copulates with a stallion. In the original film, the scene was not fully shown, so the amateur filmmakers decided to film something that was not shown in the original. The article had a great public response, and is considered the first purely tabloid article in the modern Russian press, a kind of milestone in the formation of a free press. The article was published in a separate, Friday edition of the newspaper in a new format (the so-called "fat woman", due to a decrease in format, but an increase in the number of pages), which was released because the newspaper lost state subsidies in 1992 and became virtually unviable. According to the memoirs of Vladimir Mamontov, who led the preparation for the publication of this article, this article became a turning point in the publishing house itself, where at that time two groups of editors were fighting: the conservatives, who wanted to keep the newspaper's direction by borrowing money from the Gazprom corporation, and new editors who thus championed publicity and freedom of speech:
According to the recollections of Vladimir Mamontov, the innovators in the editorial office of the newspaper won, and the article was published. However, it soon turned out that publications of this kind were redundant, and Komsomolskaya Pravda never returned to such topics and similar publications. According to Vladimir Mamontov, this publication was "a childhood disease of the formation of a free press in a single newspaper." However, Irina Dobashina in the article "The Phenomenon of the Tabloid Press" written on the basis of personal conversations with the former columnist of the "Big City" Alyona Lybchenko and published in the newspaper "Novy Vzglyad" in the publication "The Phenomenon of the Tabloid Press" dated December 10, 2009 believes that this article and determined the further policy of the publication, ensuring high ratings for Komsomolskaya Pravda.
Insulting the feelings of believers
On October 7, 2002, the newspaper published an article "The Moscow Monastery turned out to be a brothel." The press service of the Moscow Franciscan community issued a statement in which it criticized the newspaper, stating that it, using the method of an exaggerated sensation, published a slander against Franciscan Catholics. On December 23, 2002, at its meeting, the Grand Jury of the Union of Journalists of Russia considered an appeal by G. Tserokh, the rector of the Catholic Franciscan order in Russia. In its decision, represented by the presiding judge, co-chairman of the Grand Jury M. A. Fedotov, the jury raised the issue of journalistic ethics of the publication:
Political collage
Leonid Zakharov, deputy editor-in-chief of Komsomolskaya Pravda, in No. 125 of August 26, 2008, on page 5 with accusatory comments, published a photo of Paul McCartney, to whom the President of Ukraine Viktor Yushchenko allegedly presented a shirt with the inscription "Thank you, God, that I am not a Muscovite. !”.. Subsequently, the Ukrainian LiveJournal blogger Igor Bidan from Kremenchug was found out that the donated shirt was white, and the inscription was added to the photo using an image editor. Later, Zakharov admitted the mistake, deleted the article and published a refutation. According to the editor-in-chief of the newspaper Novy Dnestrovskiy Kuryer Sergei Ilchenko, "The site of Komsomolskaya Pravda is generally oversaturated with crude provocations of this kind - it openly works for the confrontation between Ukraine and Russia."
Custom publications
In 2001, the journalists of the Vedomosti newspaper Elena Evstigneeva, Sergei Rybak, citing data from the PR-agency Promaco PR / CMA, ranked Komsomolskaya Pravda among 12 publications where they accept monetary reward.
Speculation and facts about N. K. Roerich
On March 26, 2009, in response to the publication in the March issues of the weekly Komsomolskaya Pravda (Fat) a series of articles by journalist Yevgeny Chernykh about the dollar (Why the dollar rules the world, What currency can replace the dollar: yuan, euro or amero? "," Masons seized power over the dollar and the world? "), Igor Kokarev from Kirov wrote an open letter to the newspaper:" N. K. Roerich was not the designer of the one-dollar bill ", in which, on the basis of evidence, the distorted and incorrect facts of the article about the involvement of Nicholas Roerich in the creation of the American one-dollar bill of 1928 were refuted.
The newspaper's reply to the letter has not yet been given.
"The Magnitsky Act"
On December 14, 2012 at 16:00 Moscow time, the editor-in-chief of the Komsomolskaya Pravda newspaper Vladimir Sungorkin received a facsimile message from the US Embassy in the Russian Federation, according to which his visa was canceled due to the signing of the Magnitsky Act by President Barack Obama. The scan of the notification was posted on her Twitter account by the editor-in-chief of the Russia Today TV channel, Margarita Simonyan, and then it was published on the newspaper's website.
The authenticity of this document was immediately questioned by the editor-in-chief of the radio station Echo of Moscow, Alexei Venediktov, on his Twitter account, since the vice-consul Aleta Kovensky mentioned in the letter works as the US consul in Turkmenistan, and the form on which the notice is written differs from those that are usually used by the US Embassy in the Russian Federation in their correspondence. In addition, the law was signed by Barack Obama only at 21:00 Moscow time, and five hours before that had no significance. In parallel, the Sungorkin visa number indicated in the letter differed from the original one.
Echo of Moscow journalists contacted the staff of the American embassy, and they reported that they had not sent any letters to Sungorkin. After that, the note about Sungorkin's visa on the KP website was deleted, because he was the victim of a draw.
Article by Ulyana Skoybeda
On May 13, 2013, the KP website published an article by Ulyana Skoybeda “Politician Leonid Gozman said:“A beautiful form is the only difference between SMERSH and SS”. In it, the columnist commented on Gozman's post on the Ekho Moskvy website, in which the politician criticized the appearance on TV screens of the series about counterintelligence organizations SMERSH. Skoybeda mentioned that liberals began to actively discuss this topic on the Internet, calling the NKVD a "criminal terrorist organization" and putting Stalin on a par with Hitler.
Ulyana Skoybeda stated that the liberals deliberately "overestimate and spit on everything connected with the war" and "lead us from Victory to loser." The journalist's article ends with the words: “And, you know, the activities of the liberals, in this case, are subversive. Sabotage. What are our special services there? Don't want to remember the experience of SMERSH?"
On the afternoon of May 15, the phrase in the subtitle “Sometimes you regret that the Nazis did not make lampshades out of the ancestors of today's liberals. There would be fewer problems”was replaced by“Liberals are revising history in order to knock the soil out from under our country's feet”. A screenshot of the original version has been preserved on social networks. In addition, the phrase about "lampshades" is also displayed in the search on the site of "Komsomolskaya Pravda".
The column caused a scandal in the Internet community. Writer Boris Akunin noted that "in fact, according to modern European standards, this is a criminal article and a ban on publication." Earlier, Skoybeda's articles about the writer Dina Rubina and the restaurateur Alexei Kabanov, who killed his wife, also caused public outrage.
On May 16, Roskomnadzor issued a warning to the newspaper Komsomolskaya Pravda for the article “Politician Leonid Gozman said:“A beautiful form is the only difference between SMERSH and the SS,”because statements that violate the requirements of the Federal Law“On Mass Media”and the Federal Law“On countering extremist activities ". On the evening of May 18, on the KP website, Ulyana Skoybeda apologized for her article, where she admitted that she "made an incorrect statement in a polemical fervor."
Coverage of Ukrainian events since 2014
According to lenizdat.ru “Komsomolskaya Pravda” “in its coverage of the Russian-Ukrainian conflict adheres to a pro-Russian position, which is clearly evidenced by numerous materials”, and also writes that “the headings of other materials speak for themselves”: “Kiev launched a punitive operation against the insurgent Slavyansk "," The punitive operation of Kiev in Donbass is coordinated by the United States "," Ukraine is ruled by nine criminals and a client of a mental hospital "," Lustration - Maidan illustration ". On March 28, 2014, against the background of the Crimean and Ukrainian crises, the editor-in-chief of the newspaper Vladimir Sungorkin on the air of the "Minority Opinion" program on the radio station "Echo of Moscow" announced that he was not ready to provide a tribune in his publication for opponents of Viktor Yanukovych and Russian politics, since “we protect national interests."
Senior editor of slon.ru Mikhail Zelensky noted that on April 22, Russian President Vladimir Putin signed a decree awarding more than 300 employees of the Russian media "for objectivity in covering events in Crimea", which, however, was not made public. Employees of the All-Russian State Television and Radio Broadcasting Company (VGTRK) received about a hundred awards, more than 60 - journalists from Channel One, and several dozen - representatives of NTV, RT and Life News. The editor-in-chief of Komsomolskaya Pravda, Vladimir Sungorkin, received the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, fourth degree. On the air of the Echo Moskvy radio station, he confirmed the fact of receiving the award; Daria Aslamova, Alexander Kots and Dmitry Steshin also received awards from his newspaper.
On January 16, 2016, in a live broadcast of the Leader program on the Komsomolskaya Pravda radio, the host Diana Kadi, as a sign of political protest, burned the flag of the Ukrainian right-wing radical organization Right Sector. This act caused a mixed reaction - in particular, representatives of the Ukrainian public accused Kadi of inappropriate actionism.
