Namaz is a canonical prayer. Along with the confession of faith (shahada), fasting (saum), donation to the poor (zakat) and pilgrimage (hajj), he is among the five pillars of Islam. Muslims use several terms to refer to prayer, depending on their language and culture. In Arab countries, namaz is usually called the word salad.
Types of namaz
Prayers in Islam can be divided into four categories: fard, wajib, sunnah, and nafl.
Fard - obligatory prayers. Muslims are prescribed to pray at least five times a day. This rule is mandatory for every believer who has reached puberty, with the exception of mentally ill people.
The morning prayer is called Fajr, the afternoon prayer is Zuhr, the afternoon prayer is Asr, and the evening prayer is Maghrib. And the obligatory prayer performed at night is called isha.
Fard-namaz also includes funeral - janaza and daily Friday collective prayer - juma. The latter is always performed in a mosque. It is preceded by a sermon delivered by the imam - khutba.
Wajib are also obligatory prayers, failure to fulfill which is usually equated with sin. But opinions about their obligatory nature differ in different interpretations of Islam. At the most extreme point of view, if there are five obligatory prayers, then all the others are voluntary.
Wajib prayer is often referred to as the Vitr prayer, performed in the interval between the Isha and Fajr prayers, most often the last third of the night. And also the Id prayer, performed in the morning on Bayram and Kurban Bayram. Although many theologians refer to id as fard namaz.
Sunnah - additional voluntary prayers. They are of two types: practiced on a regular basis and performed from time to time. Rejection of the Sunnah is not considered a sin.
Well, nafl - exclusively voluntary super-due prayers. You can perform them at any convenient time. Except when prayer is prohibited. These are the moments of true noon, sunrise and sunset. The ban appears to be related to preventing the practice of sun worship.
The order of prayer
Each prayer includes a different number of rak'ahs. Rakat is the execution of prescribed movements and the pronunciation of words addressed to God (Allah).
The believer takes a bath. Then, standing on a special prayer rug, he turns his face towards Mecca. He lowers his hands along the body and pronounces the intention to perform this or that prayer.
Raising his hands to the level of his face, palms away from himself, the believer says: "Allah is great." Then he takes his left hand in his right, presses them to his stomach and recites the first, or any other short, surah from the Koran.
Following, resting his hands on his knees, pronouncing the phrase "Praise be to Allah" makes a bow at the waist. He straightens up, holds his hands along the body and says: "Allah will hear him who praises him."
Kneels down. Touches the ground with the forehead and palms. He straightens up, sits on his heels and again says the phrase "Allah is great." He repeats the bow to the ground, once again praises Allah and stands on his feet.
The cycle described is one rakat. If the believer wishes to repeat the rak'ah, he does everything listed in the same order. It should be noted that prayers are only pronounced in Arabic.
