The concept of global problems began to emerge in science not so long ago - only in the last century. The Second World War, the arms race, atomic bombs, environmental disasters - all of this at some point created a threat to the existence of not only humanity, but the entire planet.
The global problems of our time are those problems that the world community must solve together. They can be divided into several groups. The first includes problems related to the social, economic and political life of a person. It is necessary to preserve peace on earth, come to a demographic balance, get rid of political aggression, poverty, etc. The second group is associated with extremely rapid technical development. It has a significant negative impact on the health and well-being of the people themselves. The third group is directly related to the preservation of the Earth's ecosystem. It is obvious that all these problems are interconnected and require a comprehensive solution.
Quite a lot of global problems can be identified. But more attention is paid to the following:
Preventing Nuclear War
Academician Andrei Sakharov spoke a lot on this topic. Participated in the creation of the hydrogen bomb, he later called for an end to nuclear tests. And another famous scientist, Albert Einstein, once uttered the famous phrase: “I don’t know what kind of weapon the third world war will be fought with, but the fourth one is exactly with sticks and stones”. It is obvious to the most progressive scientists that a nuclear war will lead to the destruction of all mankind.
Deficiency of natural resources
Humanity is gradually finding new ways to obtain energy and synthesize various materials. But still the most important role in the industry is played by the extraction of minerals. Oil, gas, ore - all these resources will eventually run out, and a real production collapse will ensue.
Global warming
Environmental pollution is also a global problem because leads to the compaction of the atmosphere with various harmful gases. As a result, the greenhouse effect arises and the temperature on Earth gradually rises. Ultimately, this will lead not only to climate change, but also to a new global flood - if the glaciers at the poles melt.
Fatal diseases
It is not only HIV and AIDS that raise medical concerns. In recent years, cardiovascular diseases have become a real scourge - almost half of Russia's inhabitants die from them - as well as cancer. Science is trying to find a cure for these diseases, but so far it has not achieved absolute success in this.
Demographic problems
On the planet, there is a significant preponderance of the population in the Asian states. Until the introduction of a limit on the birth of children. The area for housing is becoming scarce, resources are being depleted. Recently, they have been talking about the coming Chinese expansion - China is developing very rapidly, the country is closely connected with the entire world economy and in the foreseeable future may begin to dictate its own terms. At the same time, there is a demographic crisis in the west. The population is aging, few children are born. A lot of people from Africa, Asia migrate to Western countries, and the atmosphere in society is heating up.
Poverty
Inhabitants of Africa continue to starve, while in developed countries, on the contrary, there is no shortage of food and there is an overproduction of goods. A very large gap between rich and poor, including within states, gives rise to conflicts that can lead to war.
People have been trying to solve these and other global problems for a long time. Various public organizations are being created that are trying to regulate international relations. For example, the Club of Rome annually announces reports on its studies of the socio-economic development of society, the influence of man on nature. The states sign documents on peace, preservation of ecology. The Nobel Peace Prize is awarded annually. However, not all countries adhere to a common policy on these issues, which significantly complicates the solution of global problems.
