Race is a historically developed human population, characterized by certain biological characteristics that appear externally: eye shape, skin color, hair structure, and so on. Traditionally, humanity is divided into three main races: Mongoloid, Caucasian and Negroid.
Instructions
Step 1
Racial groups of people were formed on a certain territory, acquiring their characteristics in the process of adaptation to environmental conditions. There are several divisions into races. According to the simplest classification, people with black curly hair, dark skin, brown eyes, thickened lips and a wide nose are called Negroids. Mongoloids bark with straight dark hair, a yellowish skin tone, narrow eyes, strongly prominent cheekbones and a narrow nose. Caucasians can have straight or wavy hair, fair skin, and varying eye colors. According to the extended classification, several more groups are distinguished, for example, Australoids or Amerindians (the indigenous population of America). There are opinions that up to 15 racial groups can be distinguished within the Homo sapiens species.
Step 2
The concept of "race" differs from the biological term "species" in that it has no obstacles to the creation of offspring. Therefore, now in the conditions of mixing peoples, there is a slow erasure of differences and the formation of transitional forms. Mixed races are mestizo (the result of combining Caucasian and Mongoloid), mulatto (Negroid and Caucasian) and Sambo (Mongoloid and Negroid). For example, today almost all African Americans are mulattos.
Step 3
The branch of anthropology that studies the division of humanity into races is called race. The field of tasks of this science includes the study of the history of formation, classification, factors of influence (climate, mixing, migration) on races. Their results are of great importance for solving the problems of the ancestral home of man, population genetics, taxonomy, and medical geography.
Step 4
Races exist not only within the human species, but also within some animals, for example, among wolves or crows. Domestic animal breeds cannot be called racial groups, as they are of artificial origin.
Step 5
The division into races led to education leads to the emergence of serious conflicts and clashes. In the last decade, a direction has begun to develop in American and Western European anthropology, the supporters of which argue that races do not exist and the differences are nothing more than far-fetched. This opinion is a kind of reaction to the long dominance of racist ideas in the United States and discrimination against African Americans.
