A significant person in the history of Russia, arousing the interest of historians, artists, writers and directors. The person whose prototype served as the basis for the creation of a number of films, plays and books. An example of courage, heroism, valor and honor is Alexander Vasilyevich Kolchak.
Biography and personal life
Little Sasha Kolchak was born in the northern capital, in a hereditary noble family of a major general and a Don Cossack woman on November 4, 1874. Alexander received his education at the classical male gymnasium, and then (since 1888) at the Naval School. It was there that the abilities for military affairs, significant in the further biography of Kolchak, and an inexplicable interest in travel and naval research were manifested.
The future vice-admiral of Russia made the first exit to sea in 1890 aboard the frigate "Prince Pozharsky". For three long months Kolchak honed his skills and gained experience in navigation. After training trips to the sea, Alexander independently filled in the missing knowledge in oceanography, hydrology and maps of underwater currents off the coast of Korea.
After graduating from the Naval School, Lieutenant Alexander Kolchak submitted a report for naval service to the Pacific Fleet garrison, where he was sent by the leadership.
Since 1900, Alexander devoted several years to polar expeditions on research expeditions. After losing contact with his missing associates, Kolchak applied for funding for their official search and was able to return to the waters of the Arctic Ocean. For participation in the rescue expedition, he later received the Imperial Order of the "Holy Equal-to-the-Apostles Prince Vladimir" 4th degree and became a member of the Russian Geographical Society.
At the beginning of the Russo-Japanese War, Kolchak was transferred from the scientific academy to the Naval War Department and sent to serve as the commander of the Angry destroyer in the Pacific Fleet. However, after six months of defense of Port Arthur, his soldiers were still forced to surrender their positions, and Kolchak himself was wounded and captured by the Japanese. A little later (in 1905), thanks to the courage and courage shown in the war, the Japanese command granted Alexander freedom and he was able to return to Russia, where he received a personalized golden saber and a silver medal "In memory of the Russian-Japanese war."
After a six-month vacation, he is again engaged in research work, the results of which have helped to win respect among scientists and the first in the history of Russia to receive the "Gold Constantine Medal".
But Kolchak could not forget the defeat in the Russo-Japanese war. He kept looking for explanations for the failures and found them, setting out theses about the shortcomings in the defensive ability of sea vessels during a speech in the State Duma. After such bold statements, he left the service in the Naval General Staff and until 1915 moved into the educational field, becoming a teacher at the Naval Academy. Then he returns to the command staff and goes to the Baltic Fleet, where he shows his courage and skills in tactical and strategic planning to eliminate enemy ships. Thanks to this, in 1916, he received the rank of vice admiral and was appointed commander of the Black Sea Fleet. Kolchak clearly coped with the tasks. The young admiral's plans include many operations to clear the Black Sea from the enemy. But the admiral's ingenious strategic ideas were not destined to come true - the February Revolution of 1917 begins. And as the admiral did not seek to keep information about her, mass protests still reached the Crimea.
In June 2017, the admiral was removed from the leadership of the Black Sea Fleet. At this time, Kolchak was invited to America and England as a military expert on submarines, which became beneficial to the leadership. Strongly correct Kolchak is sent abroad for a long time.
In September 1918 he returned to Russia, to Vladivostok. There he received an offer to lead the fight against the Bolsheviks and became Minister of War of the Directory. He has at his disposal a significant part of the entire gold reserve of Russia, thanks to which he qualitatively provides his 150-thousandth army. However, the overwhelming majority of the "red", as well as the betrayal of the allies - lead to the inevitable arrest of Kolchak (1920). He spends only a few days in the prison of Irkutsk, where he withstands all interrogations of the Cheka investigators with dignity, without mentioning a single name of like-minded people.
On the personal order of Lenin, Alexander Kolchak was shot at 2 am on February 7, 1920, while the remnants of his army approached Irkutsk. The admiral's body was thrown into the ice-hole.
Personal life
The only official wife of Kolchak was Sofya Fedorovna Omirova, a hereditary noblewoman, a woman with a difficult fate. All her life she loved her husband and remained faithful to him. Three children were born in their family: daughter Tatyana (1908) - died immediately after birth, son Rostislav (1910) - died in 1965, and daughter Margarita (1912) - died in 1914.
Another woman in Kolchak's life was the married Anna Vasilievna Timiryova. Their love and rejected deeds are admirable. Anna deliberately went to a voluntary arrest, following the arrest of the admiral. And even after Kolchak's death, she was in exile for another 40 years.
Alexander Vasilievich Kolchak left a significant mark in history. The details of his biography have not yet been fully studied, moreover, the criminal case against the admiral is kept under the heading "top secret" and is guarded by the special services of the Russian Federation. Until now, Kolchak has not been officially rehabilitated.
