Zinaida Alexandrova - Russian and Soviet translator, poet. Poetic books for children brought her fame. The author's works are included in the school curriculum. On the poems of the poetess, the songs "It's cold for a little Christmas tree" and "White capless" were written.
As a child, Zinaida Nikolaevna Aleksandrova spent a lot of time with her Karelian grandmother. The winter evenings, filled with listening to songs and legends, significantly influenced the formation of the personality of the future poetess.
Looking for a vocation
The child was born in St. Petersburg. The head of the family taught physics at a four-year school, the mother worked as a medical assistant. Childhood impressions became the impetus for writing the first compositions. After the death of her parents in 1918, the girl ended up in an orphanage. Then she began to write poetry.
At first, these were poetic experiments for a wall newspaper, poems about nature. Teachers did not recommend writing love lyrics. In many ways, the works of Nekrasov and Mayakovsky influenced Alexandrova's work. After completing the seven-year period, the poetess began to work at a spinning mill. Secretly from Zinaida, her poem was sent to the editorial office of Workers and Peasants.
The work was noticed. The author was invited for an interview. Soon, Zinaida Nikolaevna was sent on a business trip to receive education at the technical school of printing. Aleksandrova worked for the newspaper "The Way of Youth" and the magazine "Iskorka". Movement to Moscow soon took place. Alexandrova was sent to work in the children's editorial office of Molodaya Gvardiya.
In 1928 her first collections "Factory Songs" and "Field October" were published. The poetess wrote compositions for children for the first time in 1932. The book "Wind on the river" became her debut. She outlined the characteristic features of the author's work. The verses combined with the game counting rhymes, jokes. The playing moment was not only the rhythm, but also the figurative system. The poetess's favorite meter was the troche characteristic of the song.
Works for children
The last collection “Biography of a Song” addressed to adults was published in 1934. From that moment on, only children's themes existed for the author. Trips began, work on the radio, in music publishing. Zinaida Nikolaevna took part in the creation of filmstrips. She published a book of couplets for the smallest "Our nursery". The collection shows the events of the daytime in sequence.
The author checked each word on the nursery to see their reaction. The kids liked the poems so much that they were translated into 16 languages. Alexandrova's works are distinguished by clear rhymes, brevity, specific language, locality of comparisons.
Reception of the refrain is designed for children, makes it easier to memorize the verse and emphasizes the main idea. All comparisons are specific and imaginative. The poet believed that children's poetry needed simplicity without relief. Lyrics addressed to kids take part in the education of feelings among adult readers.
All works are distinguished by philosophical overtones. For the first time, the theme of the coexistence of nature and people, raised by the poetess, sounds especially heartfelt in Alexandrova's work. The author achieves the greatest expressiveness in poetic sketches from nature, such as "Snowdrop" or "Dandelion".
Civic lyrics
Attention is drawn to the high cognitive value of the works. The poetess introduces young readers to the life of the country. She went to Michurin in Kozlov, visited Karelia and Odessa, Artek. The result of the last trip was a cycle of songs, a book "Artek", a poem "Charita". In the pre-war years, "Lives Well" and "Dozor" were published.
There was a place for civic motives in the poet's lyrics. Aleksandrova succinctly and succinctly describes the death of Chapaev, creating a tragic atmosphere with the image of the Ural River. It runs through the entire piece as a refrain. The poem did not leave a single reader indifferent.
At the competition, the composition "Song of Chapaev" received the main prize. Subsequently, a competition was announced to write music for wonderful poems. The work led to the further development of military themes. The poem "The Little Christmas Tree is Cold in Winter" has become a famous children's New Year's song. Also, the song was "White Capless".
Poems and translations
During the Great Patriotic War, the poetess created new poems during the evacuation in Chistopol, where she lived with her son. An example of civic children's lyrics was the collection "An Island on the Kama", created in 1944. It tells about the life of children in evacuation. The autobiographical "Farewell" and "Son" conveyed the feelings of a mother who is parting with her child.
In peacetime, Zinaida Nikolaevna worked in the Commission for Children's Literature of the USSR Writers' Union, in the Murzilka magazine. Many children's poems were written after the war. The lights came out in 1951 in the collection Poems, published by Detgiz. The compositions show kids helping adults, naughty, having fun, naughty, sad. They are cute to the readers.
So, in the work "Funny Little Men" the author's light irony is felt, children's pranks with a smile are described. Olya from Topotushek, a small personality, is shown as a living child. The poem successfully fuses lyrical and playful beginnings.
Shows the game, admiration for the baby, an adult attitude towards him. The composition turned into a kind of summing up of the results of creativity. Translated into Russian "Yasochkina book" by Natalia Zabila, Turkmen "Tales of Yarty-Gulak".
Together with Tudorovsky, Alexandrova made a significant contribution to the development of babies. She added facts about the life of the Turkmen, its national originality, counting on a young reader. More than seven dozen books of the poetess were published during her lifetime. She passed away in 1983.
