Depending on the composition of the instruments, orchestras differ in expressive, timbre and dynamic capabilities. On this basis, a large and small symphony orchestra, chamber, wind, pop, jazz orchestras and an orchestra of folk instruments are distinguished.
Instructions
Step 1
A traditional modern symphony orchestra consists of six groups of instruments, such as stringed bows, woodwinds, brass, percussion, keyboards and additional musical instruments. Up to 110 musicians play in the large symphony orchestra, and up to 50 in the small one. The orchestra is led by a conductor who directs the artistic interpretation of a piece of music.
Step 2
Stringed instruments form the basis of a symphony orchestra. They are the carriers of the melodic principle of a piece of music. The instruments of this group are similar in appearance and timbre, and the sound is produced with a bow. The expressive sound of the violin is central to the group and the entire orchestra. The viola differs from the violin in its slightly larger size and more muffled, matte sound. The cello in appearance follows the contours of the violin, but it is much larger than it. The cello is not held on the shoulder, like the previous two instruments, but rest on a stand. This instrument has a low, but velvety and noble sound. The double bass exceeds in size not only all the above instruments of the group, but also the height of a person, therefore they play on it while sitting. The double bass sound is low and humming.
Step 3
The groups of woodwind instruments are: a ringing flute, an oboe with a rich warm sound, a clarinet with a varied timbre, a bass bass, hoarse in sound, and a counterbassoon with the lowest timbre of the group. This group got its name from the material from which they are made, wood, and the method of sound extraction, blowing air.
Step 4
For the manufacture of instruments of the group of brass instruments, metals with a high copper content are used. Their introduction is characterized by a powerful, solemn, bright sound. The sonorous "voice" of the trumpet often plays the lead part. Voltorn is traditionally used in pastoral music. During the climax of the piece, the trombone performs its part. The tuba has the lowest sound.
Step 5
Percussion instruments are united by a method of sound extraction - strike. But by the nature of their sound, they are all different. Their main task is to emphasize the rhythm, enhance the sound of the orchestra, add expressiveness. In the orchestra, you can find such percussion instruments: timpani, big and snare drums, tambourine, cymbals and triangles, bells, xylophone.
Step 6
The key group is characterized by the presence of white and black keys for each instrument. Among them are: organ, clavichord, harpsichord, piano. They are often solitary in the orchestra.
Step 7
For the performance of certain works, the orchestra includes a string-plucked instrument with a delicate, transparent timbre - the harp. She brings a note of magic to a piece of music.
