Tukhachevsky Mikhail is the youngest Marshal of the USSR, he received this title at the age of 42. He was compared to Napoleon, and Stalin called him Napoleon. The personality of Tukhachevsky is considered controversial.
Family, early years
Mikhail Nikolaevich was born on February 16, 1893. The family lived in the village of Aleksandrovskoye (Smolensk province). Mikhail's father was an impoverished hereditary nobleman, his mother was a peasant. My great uncle was a general.
In the marriage, in addition to Mikhail, 8 more children were born, Misha was the 3rd child. He had good learning abilities and learned to read early. Tukhachevsky possessed many talents, loved music, played the violin. In his youth, he dreamed of becoming a military man, like a great uncle.
Mikhail studied at the gymnasium, but reluctantly, he often skipped lessons. However, the director talked to him and explained that with poor grades he would not be admitted to a military school. Then Tukhachevsky began to study perfectly well. In 1914 he graduated from a military school, becoming one of the best graduates.
Career
At the beginning of the 1st World War, Tukhachevsky was a second lieutenant in the Semyonovsky regiment, and then he became a junior officer. Thanks to ambition and courage, the young man quickly moved up the career ladder, in 6 months. he received 5 orders.
In 1915, Mikhail was taken prisoner, repeatedly tried to escape, in 1917 one of the escapes was successful. Tukhachevsky again began to serve in the Semyonovsky regiment, he commanded a company.
After the revolution, Mikhail joined the Red Army. In 1918, he began to work in the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, and then received the post of commissar. Later he became the commander of the 5th Army, led the campaign against Kolchak, then fought with the White Guards in the south. In civilian life, Tukhachevsky commanded the 7th Army. He suppressed the uprising in Kronstadt and the revolt of the Tambov peasants, showing unprecedented cruelty.
During the Soviet-Polish campaign, the troops under his command were defeated. Stalin did not forget Mikhail's mistakes and planned the massacre, however, in that period, Tukhachevsky managed to avoid it.
Mikhail Nikolaevich became the author of many books on the art of war. In 1931, he was instructed to carry out reforms in the army, but Stalin did not support the ideas. Initiatives in artillery were found to be ineffective.
In 1935, Tukhachevsky was appointed Marshal. However, Stalin was still waiting for the moment for reprisals. In 1937, Tukhachevsky was arrested, he was accused of organizing a conspiracy. He was sentenced to death, the sentence was carried out on June 12, 1937. His wife, Mikhail's brothers, were also shot. The sisters and daughter were sent to the GULAG.
Personal life
The first wife of Mikhail Nikolayevich - Ignatiev Maria, the daughter of a railway worker, they met at the gymnasium. In the years of famine, she decided to support her relatives and brought them food. Her behavior was called “unworthy” by ill-wishers, and the ambitious Mikhail offered Maria a divorce. As a result, the woman committed suicide. Tukhachevsky did not even come to her funeral.
In 1920, Mikhail met Lydia, the granddaughter of a forester, who was of noble origin. He fell in love with a girl and married her. At the insistence of the forester grandfather, they secretly got married. However, the marriage was short-lived, Lydia did not forgive her husband's betrayal.
Grinevich Nina, a noblewoman, became Tukhachevsky's third wife. A daughter, Svetlana, appeared in marriage. Mikhail also had an affair with his wife's colleague, Kuzmina Yulia. The illegitimate daughter also received the name Svetlana.
