Russian writer Fyodor Abramov, a native of a peasant family, devoted his life and work to describing the life of a Russian village, and he did it with great love.
Fedor Aleksandrovich was born in 1920 in the village of Verkola, Arkhangelsk region. From childhood, he learned what physical labor is - when the boy was six years old, his father died, and many worries fell on Fyodor's shoulders. The peasant life at that time was difficult, and Fedya experienced all these hardships on himself.
Their family was considered "middle peasants", so he was not immediately taken from elementary school to secondary school. Then the middle peasants were considered unreliable, and their children were not allowed to be educated. However, he was a capable student and was later transferred to the next grade.
Already at school, Fedya began to write poetry, and the first poem was published when he was 17 years old. Maybe it was then that he got the idea to devote himself to literature. A year later, in 1938, he became a student of the Faculty of Philology at Leningrad University.
However, three years later, he dropped out because the Great Patriotic War began - Abramov volunteered for the front. He was twice wounded, and after the second wound he was declared unfit for service in combat units. However, he remained at the front - he was the deputy political commander of the company, was trained as a machine gunner, served in the SMERSH counterintelligence service.
After the end of the war, Abramov graduated from the university and became a graduate student. His Ph. D. was a work on the work of Mikhail Sholokhov. Later he became a lecturer at Leningrad University, headed the department of Soviet literature. In co-authorship with V. V. Gura he wrote the book "M. A. Sholokhov. Seminary" dedicated to the works of the famous writer.
Abramov - writer
The creative work of Fyodor Abramov is closely related to the place where he was born. He was always aware of the affairs of his fellow villagers, often traveled to his native village, knew all his problems and joys. In most of his works, Fyodor Aleksandrovich talks about the inhabitants of the village of Pekashino, the prototype of which was his small homeland.
He conceived to create something like an artistic chronicle of the life of the village of Pekashino and its inhabitants, and embodied this idea in the cycle of works "Brothers and Sisters". Thanks to this chronicle, the name of Abramov is among the most significant in the literature of the USSR in the 1960s and 70s. In his works, he offered a new look at the history of Russia, at the countryside and life in it.
In revealing this topic, he was close to such writers as V. Rasputin, E. Nosov, S. Zalygin, V. Afanasyev. The writer created his cycle of works in order to refute the point of view about the village as a heavenly place in which everyone joyfully works and enjoys all the benefits of their labor. He knew the blatant truth about the life of collective farmers, and described it in reality.
Sometimes this position of Abramov was not recognized by the censorship, as was the case with the essay "Around the Bush". For posting this essay, the editor-in-chief of the literary magazine "Neva" was dismissed from his post.
In 1968, Abramov's new novel, "Two winters and three summers", was published. Here the author describes the post-war life in Pekashino, new problems and pains of the villagers. In 1973, the novel "Ways-Crossroads" was published, in which Abramov criticizes the laws that force rural residents to apply to the city, because there is no point in working in the village - collective farmers cannot take advantage of the results of their labor.
In the novels, stories and essays of Fyodor Abramov, one main character is a villager. He is talented, hardworking, striving for truth and justice. Sometimes he is mistaken and finds himself in difficult situations, but the main thing is that he seeks and finds answers to the questions of the time, accepts its challenges, tries to learn the meaning of being.
In 1981, Fyodor Aleksandrovich begins work on his last work - the novel "Clean Book". In it, the writer planned to describe reflections on the fate of the Motherland. He works in the Arkhangelsk archives, collects material for the book, but a fleeting illness does not allow this work to be completed.
In May 1983, Fyodor Abramov died, he was buried in his native village - Verkola.
Personal life
Lyudmila Vladimirovna Krutikova is the first and only wife of Fedor Abramov. They met after the war, and did not part until the death of Fyodor Alexandrovich.
There was a period in their life when Abramov became interested in another woman and began to often leave for Moscow "on business." Lyudmila did not show it, but she suffered a lot.
And once, when it became impossible to hide the connection on the side, she told her husband: "Finish your novel and leave." He said nothing, but she realized that Fedor remained in the family. And so it happened.
After the death of her husband, Lyudmila Vladimirovna did a great job - she completed and published unfinished works of Fyodor Abramov
