The Magnitsky List is a list of Russian citizens who have been sanctioned for violations of human rights and the rule of law. The persons listed in it are prohibited from entering the United States and from financial relationships with US citizens. Its lists of Magnitsky also exist in the EU and the UK.
Instructions
Step 1
Sergei Leonidovich Magnitsky (1972-2009) is an auditor who worked at the consulting company Firestone Duncan, under the direction of William Browder. On November 24, 2008, he was arrested on charges of assisting the head of the foundation, William Browder, in tax evasion on the territory of the Russian Federation. The arrest was carried out on the initiative of police lieutenant colonel Artyom Kuznetsov, in respect of whom an inspection by the Department of Internal Security of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation had previously begun. Earlier, in October 2008, about ten days before his arrest, Sergei Magnitsky testified related to the crimes of Artyom Kuznetsov, who was part of a group of persons involved in large-scale tax fraud.
Step 2
In July 2008 Sergei Magnitsky discovered a massive embezzlement of public funds through "tax refunds". He began his own investigation and managed to unravel the criminal scheme with tax fraud, which was initiated by law enforcement officers. The amount stolen by them from the state budget, according to Magnitsky, amounted to 5.4 billion rubles.
Step 3
11 months after being taken into custody - on November 16, 2009 - Sergei Magnitsky died in the hospital of the remand prison. From the conclusion of the Moscow Public Monitoring Commission, it follows that during his detention - about 358 days - Magnitsky wrote 450 complaints about permanent violations of the laws on detention.
Step 4
In recent months, while on the territory of the Butyrka prison, he also made about 20 requests for medical assistance in connection with attacks of calculous cholecystitis or acute pancreatitis. He was denied medical assistance. On November 16, 2009, Sergei Magnitsky was transported from Butyrskaya prison to Matrosskaya Tishina prison hospital, where, instead of receiving medical assistance, he was put on a straitjacket and handcuffed to a bed in a solitary confinement cell. After 1 hour and 30 minutes, after the "procedure", the person under investigation died.
Step 5
In December 2012, the United States passed the Sergei Magnitsky Rule of Law Accountability Act, introducing personal sanctions against those responsible for violations of human rights and the rule of law. According to this law, any individuals responsible for violating the International Convention on Human Rights can be included in the list of those who may be subject to personal restrictive sanctions.
Step 6
First of all, the execution of this law included those Russian citizens who were allegedly involved in the death of Sergei Magnitsky. They are subject to U. S. visa restrictions and sanctions on their financial assets in U. S. banks. The list has two parts: open and closed. The State Department and the presidential administration can change each of them at their discretion. Following the USA, the list was formed by the UK and the EU.
Step 7
The initial list, compiled in the United States and published on April 12, included those who were directly responsible for the death of Sergei Magnitsky - a total of 18 people. Among them are officials of the Ministry of Internal Affairs, the FSB, the Federal Tax Service, judges of the Criminal and Arbitration Courts, the General Prosecutor's Office and the Federal Penitentiary Service.
Step 8
In May 2014, the list was expanded by another 12 people - those who were directly related to the investigation, and to the posthumous trial of Sergei Magnitsky. The list also contains the doctors of the pre-trial detention center in which he was held, as well as persons involved in his own investigation against the employees of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation. Additions were also made to the closed part of the list, which is not subject to publication.
Step 9
Russian citizens included in the Magnitsky List are barred from entering the United States, their bank accounts are frozen, and US citizens are prohibited from entering into business financial relations with those on the list.
Step 10
In April 2013, the UK Home Office banned 60 Russian citizens related to the Sergei Magnitsky case from entering the country. The list of the British Ministry of Internal Affairs is based on the list of the American Commission on Security and Cooperation in Europe.
Step 11
The International Magnitsky List remains open. Subsequently, it can include any persons suspected of violating the International Bill of Human Rights (UN) and the Convention for the Protection of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms (EU).
