In the 16th-19th centuries, a series of armed conflicts took place between Turkey, then the Ottoman Empire, and Russia. The last of these was the Russian-Turkish war of 1877-1878. Its results remained unchanged until the outbreak of the First World War, when Turkey and Russia again became adversaries.
Instructions
Step 1
The Russian Empire, the allied Balkan states and the Ottoman Empire as their adversary took part in the war. The result of their confrontation was the Treaty of San Stefano, signed on February 19, 1878. According to its terms, a number of Balkan states gained independence - Serbia, Romania and Montenegro. Other territories - Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria - received broad autonomy. Reforms were also planned in the management of Albania and Armenia, giving local peoples more rights. In addition, Russia also received territorial acquisitions in the form of several cities - Batum, Kars and others - and adjacent territories. Also, Turkey had to pay a significant contribution - more than 300 million rubles. At that time, it was a huge amount even for the whole state.
Step 2
However, these conditions did not suit some other countries. In particular, the British Empire and Austria-Hungary were unhappy with the expansion of Russian influence in the Balkans. Turkey was no longer perceived as a serious adversary due to the prolonged internal crisis. And the Russian Empire, with its victory, strengthened its position due to the independence of the Balkan states, striving to pursue a policy that pleased it.
Step 3
As a result, Russia found itself in a situation of possible being drawn into a new war. This could be prevented by the mediation of Germany. From June 1 to July 1, the Berlin Congress was held with the participation of European powers, as a result of which a new, Berlin Treaty was signed. He diminished the benefits Russia received from the war. Bosnia and Herzegovina, as well as part of Bulgaria, went to Austria-Hungary, which increased its influence in the region. The British consolidated their control over the island of Crete. Nevertheless, the main task of the war - the independence of the Balkans from the Turks - was achieved at least partially.
