Preaching originated before our era in the form of teachings, stories about new knowledge and teachers. Today, there are various types of it, and yet this term is primarily used in a religious context.
The word "preaching" comes from the Greek προανακηρύσσειν, which means "to proclaim." In a general sense, it is speech that implies the instruction and dissemination of certain knowledge. The sermon is carried out by one who believes in his words and in his idea. Most often, the word this term is used in a religious sense. According to Dahl's dictionary, "a sermon is a teaching, a spiritual word, a priest's instruction to the flock, in the church or to the people." It is always addressed to several listeners and in most cases takes an oral form. The preacher can teach, convey information or knowledge, or call for action and deeds. Single-root words: confession, commandment, know.
In religion, a sermon is delivered by a minister of the church to explain the teachings of Christ and to answer the questions of the flock. Earlier, when Christianity was just in its infancy, the sermon was a conversation between the speaker and the audience. Many asked the speaker with questions, asked for clarifications, expressed bewilderment. Now the preacher speaks alone, while the people listen in silence, without interrupting or asking questions during the speech.
The history of the sermon
The preaching dates back to the 11th-5th century BC, when the formation of world religions took place, for example, Buddhism in India, Zoroastrianism in Iran, the teachings of the prophets in Israel, Ionian philosophy in Greece, the teachings of Confucius in China. Each movement had its own type of preaching.
The technique of Christian preaching is borrowed from late antique moralism, of which Seneca and Epictetus were representatives. Its theoretical principles were formulated by Ambrose of Mediolansky and Augustine the Blessed. In the 4th century, a genre of church preaching emerged, which is now called homiletics.
In the 18th century, a sophisticated literary preaching was widespread, which included elements of the Baroque.
Today, in addition to religious preaching, there is political preaching, philosophical preaching, etc.
Oral preaching
A sermon can have several motives for delivering it - to whom, why and how. The purpose of the utterance can be different: for information, for agitation and for manipulation. There are three types of information preaching: preaching, prophecy, and message.
Preaching-teaching originates from the teaching tradition of pre-Christian times. The founders of the largest religions were called teachers, their successors - preachers.
When preaching a message, the speaker looks for interests in the listener that arise from the desire for comprehension. Such speeches are found in both the Old and New Testaments. The teacher, as the founder of the founder of religion, shares knowledge, and his disciples, as preachers, speak on his behalf.
To understand the preaching-prophecy, the meaning of the Hebrew word "navi", prophet, is important. In this case, the prophet denotes not only the predictor of the future, but also the person carrying the message of another person.
The purpose of a campaign sermon is to get a response from the audience. Such a reaction can be interest or even action. The speaker tries to convince the audience to think and act in a certain direction.
Manipulation speech is a negative example of religious preaching. The speaker replaces the interests of the audience with the ones he needs, and the listeners begin to believe that these are the interests that are their own.
Sermon on the Mount
The Sermon on the Mount is the sermon of Jesus Christ, which was delivered by him on a hill near Capernaum in Galilee after the calling of the twelve apostles. The sayings of Christ are collected in the Gospel of Matthew in chapters five to seven and in the Gospel of Luke, chapter 6, 17-49. The Sermon on the Mount reflects the moral teaching of Jesus Christ. It begins with the Nine Beatitudes, which represent the law of spiritual regeneration in the New Testament.