Ancient Greece is traditionally considered the cradle of European culture. It was the Greeks who gave the world a classic architectural style. Since then, most of the styles in art have been born, primarily in architecture. Each architectural style reflects the peculiarities of the culture, and sometimes the state structure of its era.
Instructions
Step 1
Architecture becomes one of the leading arts of Ancient Greece during the Archaic era. In the 7th century. BC. an order system appears. In the archaic era, 2 main orders appeared: Doric and Ionic; at the end of the classical era, the Corinthian was created on the basis of the Ionic order. Greek orders were actively used in the architecture of subsequent eras. In Greece itself, first of all, numerous temples were built, distinguished by plastic harmony and proportion. The Greek temple has never suppressed a person with its scale, allowing him to feel like a proud and free citizen of his country.
Step 2
The architecture of Ancient Rome makes a different impression. Although the Romans mostly borrowed their culture from the Greeks, they gave it a completely different dimension. For example, the famous Roman Pantheon - the temple of all the gods - is a huge cylindrical volume, to which a Greek portico is attached. The Pantheon is crowned with a 46-tonne concrete dome, through a nine-meter hole in which air light pours. The idea of a dome-oriented structure originated here.
Step 3
In the Middle Ages, architecture became the dominant form of artistic culture. During this period, 2 styles appeared in it: Romanesque and Gothic. The Romanesque style, which emerged during the period of feudal fragmentation, tends to create temples and castles that resemble well-fortified fortresses.
Step 4
Buildings of the Gothic style tend to be more beautiful. During this period, a type of temple emerged, directed upward, with lancet vaults, huge stained glass windows and stone lace walls.
Step 5
The Renaissance era was marked by a return to dome-centric architecture based on the ancient order. The magnificent domes designed by the leading masters of the "era of geniuses" are perhaps the main decoration of Italian cities. The bright and elegant dome of the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore became the symbol of beautiful Florence, and the grandiose dome of St. Peter's Cathedral, designed by the great Michelangelo himself, rose above proud Rome.
Step 6
The spirit of Renaissance freedom fades into the past with the onset of the Baroque era. Again, as in the Middle Ages, the church comes to the fore. Now the task of architecture is to amaze a person with the scale and splendor of temple buildings, to point out his insignificance in the face of God. The buildings are magnificently, often overly decorated, they are distinguished by bizarre curvilinear outlines.
Step 7
During the reign of the narcissistic and domineering Louis XIV, a strict and symmetrical classicism arose in France. He is characterized by civic consciousness, heroic pathos, plastic harmony and clarity of forms. The most famous buildings of the era are not temples, but the royal palaces - the Louvre and Versailles.
Step 8
The emergence of the Rococo style became the imperative of the times. The refined tastes of the 18th century aristocracy require a lot of grace with a touch of pretentiousness. The Rococo style did not introduce new structural elements into the architecture. Its main task was to achieve decorative effect.
Step 9
The architecture in the Art Nouveau style is very interesting. She gravitates towards natural, "natural" lines and shapes. The buildings, designed by one of the brightest architects of Art Nouveau, Antoni Gaudi, fit so organically into the landscape that they seem to be the creation of nature, and not of human hands.
Step 10
Unfortunately, modern architecture has lost the aesthetic properties inherent in this wonderful art form. The box buildings that shape most modern cities look faceless and monotonous.
