In general, the number of people on Earth is increasing, but in developed countries there is an acute demographic problem: mortality exceeds the birth rate, which is why the population is constantly decreasing. This "disease of prosperous countries" applies to Russia as well.
Instructions
Step 1
In the fight against depopulation at the state level, work is carried out in several directions, the first of which is to stimulate the birth rate. It is known that just for simple reproduction (that is, to maintain the current number of people), every mature woman should have at least 2, 3 children. Therefore, the state provides support to large families (with 3 or more children) in the form of benefits and benefits, affordable housing programs, etc.
Step 2
At the same time, the level of material security does not significantly affect the number of children. The experience of prosperous European countries and large Russian cities shows that in prosperous families, in principle, there is no desire to have more than 1-2 children. This is primarily due to a radical change in the perception of women about their role. Modern ladies want to realize their ambitions, build a career, live an active social life, which is not so easy to do with children in their arms. Preschool education institutions are able to partially remove this contradiction, which allow a woman to return to work soon after the birth of a child.
Step 3
The second key direction in solving the demographic problems of the Old World is to reduce mortality and increase life expectancy. For this purpose, health care is being developed, its accessibility for the population is increasing. In most European countries, these programs are quite successfully implemented. However, against the background of low birth rates, this gives the so-called "aging of the nation" (that is, an increase in the average age of the population and a decrease in the percentage of able-bodied citizens in relation to dependents).
Step 4
One of the ways to ensure population growth in European countries, including Russia, was to attract migrants. However, given that mainly representatives of the Muslim world arrive in the states of Europe, this leads to an increase in social tension and outbursts of interethnic conflicts. The topic of the inevitability of labor migration deserves a separate consideration, at the same time, the governments of European countries are increasingly proposing to rely on internal reserves - an increase in the birth rate and a decrease in the death rate of the indigenous population.
