There are people whose names are inscribed in world history. Among them is by right the first woman who has been in space - Valentina Vladimirovna Tereshkova. After her there were other women cosmonauts, but V. V. Tereshkova will forever remain in the first place.
Instructions
Step 1
Valentina Tereshkova was born on March 6, 1937 in the Yaroslavl region in a peasant family. She lost her father early, drafted into the Red Army and killed during the Soviet-Finnish war. The family, where besides Valentina had two more children, had a hard time. To help her mother, after graduating from high school, Valentina went to work at the Yaroslavl tire plant, and then got a job as a weaver at a technical fabric plant. At the same time, she studied at an evening school for working youth, at a technical school of light industry (in absentia), was engaged in parachuting. As Tereshkova later admitted, it was not easy to withstand it, she was very tired. And since 1960, she became the released secretary of the Komsomol committee of the plant where she worked.
Step 2
After the successful flights of Yuri Gagarin and his comrades in the cosmonaut corps, General Designer S. P. The queen had the idea to send a woman into space. It was approved by the political leadership of the USSR. The selection of applicants for the squad began according to the following parameters: age up to 30 years, height up to 170 centimeters, weight up to 70 kilograms, experience of skydiving. Of course, a potential female astronaut also had to be politically literate and morally stable. Five of the many applicants were selected, including Valentina Tereshkova.
Step 3
After several months of intense preparation, at the end of November 1962, Tereshkova passed her final exams. And in March 1963, her candidacy as the first female astronaut was approved. In addition to good preparation, a number of factors played a role here: a suitable origin (from peasants), the ability to speak in front of a large audience, to conduct propaganda work (the experience of the secretary of the Komsomol committee). After all, the woman-cosmonaut was to travel around the world, showing a living example of the triumph of the ideas of socialism.
Step 4
On June 16, 1963, the Vostok-6 spacecraft with Valentina Tereshkova was launched from the Baikonur cosmodrome. The flight lasted three days and was fraught with great difficulties due to an emergency situation that arose. Tereshkova coped with these troubles with honor, although it cost her enormous efforts and psychological strain. And she was deservedly awarded the highest state award - the title of Hero of the Soviet Union. Tereshkova's achievement is all the more valuable because the flight occurred at the beginning of the era of space exploration, when the design of spaceships was still very far from being perfect, and the risk was especially great.
