People have heard the term "political system", but not everyone understands its meaning. And some people generally confuse the concepts of "political system" and "state". In fact, although these concepts have a lot in common, they are not the same. By "political system" is meant the entire set of interactions between the government and members of society. These interactions can take many forms, from democracy to totalitarianism.
Instructions
Step 1
Since ancient times, as soon as people had some rudiments of statehood, the first political systems began to emerge. They were based, first of all, on moral values and norms, religious beliefs, habits, customs of each particular society. Since there are no two absolutely identical societies, political systems always have their differences (albeit sometimes insignificant). Of course, the formation of the political system is greatly influenced by a number of factors, primarily economic and social.
Step 2
The political system implies the continuous mutual influence of the state apparatus and society - both as a whole and each of its representatives. Depending on what form a particular political system has, it can be attributed to one of 4 main varieties: democracy, theocracy, authoritarianism and totalitarianism.
Step 3
Democracy (translated from ancient Greek - "power of the people") implies that the bearer of power is the people, who can exercise their powers both directly - for example, by open voting on some important issue, and by transferring their powers to elected deputies. Any official must come to power as a result of free, fair elections. If the electorate's activities disappoint the voters, they should have a legal opportunity to deprive him of his powers.
Step 4
Theocracy (from the ancient Greek "power of the gods") is a form of political system in which religious leaders play a decisive influence on the policy of the state and on all aspects of society. Of the modern states, the Vatican is the most famous theocracy. There are significant signs of theocracy in Iran, Saudi Arabia and some other states.
Step 5
Authoritarianism means a form of political system in which there is a noticeable priority of the interests of state structures in the "state-society" relationship. The powers of the society, in particular, in matters of free election of the holders of power are significantly limited.
Step 6
The highest form of authoritarianism is totalitarianism, which means global control of state structures over literally all aspects of society's life, coupled with severe coercion and violence.
