In the Soviet era, along with the passport of a citizen of the USSR, there was the practice of issuing identity cards. Today, there is no alternative to a passport, with the exception of temporary certificates issued for a short period at the request of a citizen.
A citizen changing or renewing a passport can issue a temporary identity card in the form of 2P at his own request at the department of the Federal Migration Service. This document usually contains the information that was in the old passport. In addition, for its registration, you will need another photo 3, 5 × 4, 5 and a receipt for payment of the state duty. The validity of this document is 10 days (if the passport is to be replaced) or up to 2 months (if the passport was lost or stolen).
According to a temporary identity card, a citizen has the right to perform any actions and conclude any transactions, as if he had a passport in his hands. To prevent cases of fraud, the number of the issued document is recorded in the citizen's registration card and entered into the FMS database. If the issuance of a passport is delayed for any reason, the employees of the FMS are obliged to extend the temporary certificate for a period of no more than 30 days.
To obtain a passport, a citizen must submit a temporary identity card. If it was lost or damaged, he must immediately draw up an application addressed to the head of the FMS, indicating the reasons why it is not possible to return the certificate.
Even when the temporary ID is not actually lost (for example, in order to conclude fraudulent transactions), the FMS officers are required to issue a passport to the citizen. But, since all information about this document and the date of issue of the passport will be available in the databases and the personal card of the citizen (in which he must sign), any transactions concluded with a temporary certificate after this period will be considered invalid.
It is worth noting that there is an opinion that it is high time to introduce, in addition to a passport, another identity document on a par with it. For example, a driver's license, military ID, or birth certificate. But, firstly, these documents cannot be a real confirmation of citizenship, and, secondly, they can cause enormous confusion in our country when concluding transactions, searching for citizens, and preparing documents.
