The creation of a satire story about the established post-revolutionary order in Russia was served by reality itself and people who perceived it differently. The content and system of images of the story by M. A. Bulgakov's "Heart of a Dog" in allegorical form reflects the irreconcilable confrontation between two opposing camps of the 1920s: the Russian intelligentsia and the creators of a new life.
Instructions
Step 1
The protagonist of the story "Heart of a Dog" Professor Preobrazhensky is the author of a monstrous experiment. He is a representative of the Moscow Russian intelligentsia: he lives in a beautiful seven-room apartment, has a servant, intelligently speaks and dresses. Philip Filippovich embodies the passing away Russian aristocratic culture: the interior of the apartment, dinners, representing a real ritual, speak about this. Professor Preobrazhensky is talented, witty, feels confident in the company of representatives of the new class of society, does not hide his negative attitude towards the proletarian order. Preobrazhensky enjoys great prestige with the new government, as a rare luminary of medicine, able to carry out complex operations to rejuvenate. Professor Preobrazhensky considers violence against living beings unacceptable. But he himself decides on a terrible experiment to improve the imperfect human nature: he conducts an operation to transplant a part of human organs to a dog. The failure of the experiment leads the professor back to understanding the immorality of such experimental violence against the nature of human life. As a result, Professor Preobrazhensky comes to the conclusion that outstanding geniuses "decorating the globe" stand out according to the laws of evolution, not experiments. The author has an ambiguous attitude to his hero: he respects for true intelligence and condemns for dubious and dangerous violent methods of experiments.
Step 2
Dr. Bormental also occupies an important place in the system of images of the story "Heart of a Dog". Ivan Arnoldovich is young, thanks to Preobrazhensky he turned from a poor student into an assistant professor, studied skills from the luminary of medicine and earned good money. The experiment with the dog Sharik, who turned into a citizen of Sharikov, brought Bormental closer to the teacher. He was an assistant in the operation being carried out, then he lived in the apartment of Professor Preobrazhensky, writing down the results of the experiment in a diary and raising Sharikov. Dr. Bormental is intelligent, but realizing the impossibility of re-educating such a "person", he is ready to strangle Sharikov in order to make life easier for his teacher and benefactor.
Step 3
Polygraph Polygraphovich Sharikov appears in the story after the operation carried out by Professor Preobrazhensky. And at first it is a gullible dog Sharik, transformed as a result of experience into an immoral person who does not lend itself to upbringing and education. Sharikov is the embodiment of a society in which there are no persistent moral attitudes: the professor's "illegitimate son" goes to bed in the kitchen on the floor, steals, plays the balalaika, swears, throws cigarette butts on the floor, and so on. Citizen Sharikov scribbles denunciations of "daddy" and even threatens to kill him. For two months of existence, Polygraph Poligrafovich received a passport, got a job as head of a subdivision. The new government supports him, considers him a useful member of the existing society. At the end of the work, the antihero Sharikov again becomes the affectionate dog Sharik, because the immoral, contrary to the laws of human life, the actions of the new "citizen" forced the intellectual Preobrazhensky to admit the enormity of his experiment and destroy the results.
Step 4
An active participant in the plot of the story "Heart of a Dog" is the recently elected chairman of the house committee Shvonder. The author deliberately depicted this hero schematically: Shvonder represents one of the "comrades", the "public face" of the new order of life. Shvonder treats class enemies with hatred, his morality consists in a non-judgmental admiration for the power of new laws and regulations. Shvonder indifferently looks at the miracle of the creation of man, in front of him is a unit of society Sharikov, who must have a document and get a job. The main conflict of the story "Heart of a Dog", first of all, is reflected in the confrontation between Shvonder and Preobrazhensky, representing two opposite socio-ethical classes.
