In countries with developed democracies, there is a parliament, which is a legislative and representative body. In Russia, the Federal Assembly has become such a legislative institution. The Parliament of the Russian Federation consists of two chambers, each of which is endowed with the functions prescribed in the country's constitution.
Instructions
Step 1
The Federal Assembly is one of the organs of state power that has legislative functions. Through this structure, the representation of the general population is carried out, here the development, discussion and adoption of laws takes place. Parliament is also in charge of approving the state budget. The Federal Assembly also has some control functions.
Step 2
The Parliament of Russia consists of two independent chambers - upper and lower. The lower house of the Federal Assembly is the State Duma. The upper one is the Federation Council. The upper chamber includes representatives from each constituent entity of the Russian Federation. Its members do not meet permanently, but as needed. The rest of the time, members of the Federation Council work in their regions.
Step 3
The composition of the State Duma is elected by the population of the country once every five years. Half of the members of the lower house come to the Duma after the territorial elections. Others are elected from federal lists of political parties. State Duma deputies work here on a permanent basis. The work of the two chambers of parliament is carried out separately, although in some cases they may meet in joint sessions.
Step 4
Both chambers of the Federal Assembly are independent in their actions. The names "upper" and "lower" in relation to parts of parliament do not mean that one chamber is subordinate to the other. This terminology best reflects the path that laws go through before being approved. Bills are first discussed and adopted by the State Duma, after which they are submitted for approval to the Federation Council. The upper house has the right to approve the law or send it to the Duma for re-discussion and revision.
Step 5
A citizen of Russia who has turned 21 years old can become a deputy of the State Duma. He must have the right to participate in elections. It is impossible to be a member of the State Duma and the Federation Council at the same time. Deputies of the lower house cannot work in representative bodies of power at the local level, they are prohibited from being in public service or engaging in paid activities (with the exception of creative, scientific or teaching).
Step 6
Members of parliament have fairly broad rights and privileges. All members of the Federal Assembly enjoy immunity until the expiration of their mandate. They cannot normally be detained, searched, body searched or arrested. Law enforcement agencies can carry out such actions against members of parliament only in special cases provided for by law.
