The procedure for adopting laws is approved by the Constitution of the Russian Federation and the regulations of the chambers of the Federal Assembly. Federal laws are submitted to the State Duma for discussion and adopted in accordance with the voting results.
Consideration of a bill in the State Duma
All draft federal laws are submitted to the State Duma for consideration. The process of adopting laws in the Russian Federation is complex and multi-stage. At the stage of consideration of a draft law by the State Duma, deputies carefully analyze its articles, often argue and it is not easy to come to a common opinion.
Draft laws concerning the taxation system related to the financial obligations of the state and related to the expenditures of budgetary funds are considered only with the permission of the Government of the Russian Federation. The work with federal laws takes place in three stages.
In the first reading, the main provisions of the document are considered. The initiator of the project reads out the report and reveals the main directions of the document, then the co-rapporteurs speak and the debate is held. The State Duma considers the draft, takes into account all the comments made, and then makes a decision, approving or rejecting the document. If the law as a whole is adopted, then it is sent to the committee responsible for its preparation for revision, taking into account all the proposals and comments that were voiced in the first reading.
After correcting all the comments on the draft, the document is submitted for a second reading, which takes place at a plenary session. The task of the deputies at this stage is to analyze the draft law article by article and in detail, taking into account all the amendments made in the first reading. After that, the bill can be finally adopted for consideration in the third reading, or rejected.
In the third reading, corrections and amendments are no longer allowed. The task of the deputies is only to vote for the adoption of the document. The federal law is adopted by a majority vote based on the results of voting. Then, within five days, it is submitted for consideration to the Federation Council.
Who makes the laws
If the Federation Council rejects the bill, then the chambers can create a conciliation commission - a special body to consider the differences that have arisen, after which the law can be reconsidered and finalized by the State Duma. In case of disagreement over a law of the State Duma and the Federation Council, the law is considered adopted if at least two-thirds of the total number of deputies vote for it, after which it is sent to the President of the Russian Federation for signature, then it is officially published in the Russian newspaper and comes into force 10 days later. after publication. This is the procedure for adopting laws in the Russian Federation.
