Corruption is a selfish abuse by an official of his rights and powers. In a corrupt act, there is always the benefit of an official in the personal interests or in the interests of persons associated with him.
Instructions
Step 1
The origins of corruption, apparently, lie in the custom of giving a gift for a slightly better attitude towards oneself than towards others. At the same time, it is assumed that the gifted person will fulfill his official or professional duties more quickly and efficiently. For example, the teacher will pay more attention to the child, the doctor will tell the patient where to treat better, the plumber from the housing office will not come "from nine to six," but at the right time … In principle, a surcharge for speed or quality is a normal commercial practice. However, in cases where the law or job descriptions do not provide for the performance of additional paid services, the "gift for attitude" begins to somehow suspiciously resemble a bribe.
Step 2
The second stage of corruption is when an official who has the right to allocate resources or make decisions is involved in the case. Distributing or deciding in favor of who pays is an example of corruption in the form of bribery and abuse of office. Or in a situation where, for example, two advertising agencies are fighting for a municipal contract, this very contract is concluded with the agency that will offer more to the decision-maker. This is commercial bribery.
Step 3
At the same stage, there are various fraud schemes. For example, such a very common plot: you need to build a store, a competition is announced, which is held with a deliberate violation of the rules. As a result, the competition is declared invalid and a new one is immediately appointed, in which two firms participate - a “front” company and a company owned by the spouse of the official conducting the competition. Or, for example, a company asks the bank for a large loan: the bank gives a loan, but the interest on the loan amount should be given, say, personally to the director of the bank.
Step 4
The third stage is the creation of "corrupt" laws, when laws are written in such a way that there are numerous loopholes that allow a very "flexible" interpretation of the law. These are, for example, the wording “and other actions” (without a clear definition of these actions), these are references to laws or by-laws that are chronically not adopted (or will certainly not be adopted).
