Nikolay Amosov is a brilliant cardiac surgeon, academician, scientist and writer. The first doctor in the Soviet Union to perform heart surgeries and to found the Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery. He dreamed of defeating aging and creating artificial intelligence. Saved so many lives that it would have been enough to populate an entire city. This man developed a system for restoring health and was himself an example of the fact that physical activity prolongs life and creates a margin of safety in the human body.
early years
Nikolai Mikhailovich Amosov was born on December 6, 1913 in the village of Olkhovo, not far from the city of Cherepovets. All of his ancestors were peasants. The mother of the future scientist, Elizaveta Kirillovna, worked as a midwife all her life. In 1914, Nikolai's father went to war, was captured, and after his return left the family. They lived very poorly. Amosov's mother never took an extra penny from her patients. This became an example for Nikolai for life. After graduating from high school, the young man entered the Forestry Technical School and learned to be a mechanic. Then Kolya worked for three years in Arkhangelsk as a mechanic at a power plant. Nikolai was very fond of inventing new mechanisms, but he lacked education. In 1934, the young man entered the All-Union Correspondence Industrial Institute in Moscow. As a student, Amosov invented a project for an airplane with a steam turbine. The project was not approved, but the young inventor graduated from the institute with honors.
Kolya entered the medical institute to avoid military service. But soon he became seriously interested in medicine, he was fascinated by physiology, but the place was only in surgery. During the first year of study, Nikolai completed two courses at once. In parallel with teaching, Amosov already taught to students and schoolchildren. In 1939 he graduated with honors from the Medical Institute and got a job as a surgeon in his hometown of Cherepovets.
War
In 1941, the war broke out. Amosov was appointed chief surgeon at the Mobile Field Hospital. In this position, he went through the entire war on the Western, Bryansk, Belorussian and Far Eastern fronts. Working as a military surgeon, Amosov gained vast experience, successfully operated on chest wounds, hip and joint fractures. During the war years, he collected material for his Ph. D. thesis on the topic "On injuries of the knee joint."
After the war, Amosov was admitted to the post of chief surgeon and head of the department at the Bryansk regional hospital.
He liked the job, he did many complex operations on all parts of the body. There he developed his own method of lung resection and in four years of work performed more operations than all surgeons in the Union. But the doctor considered each death his personal defeat. Amosov dreamed of creating an artificial intelligence with which he could heal people. Nikolai Mikhailovich defended his dissertation "Lung resection in tuberculosis" in 1948 in Gorky (now Nizhny Novgorod).
Work in Kiev
In 1952 Amosov moved to Kiev. He is offered to head the clinic of thoracic surgery, created at the Institute of Tuberculosis and Thoracic Surgery.
In 1957, an important event took place. Nikolai Mikhailovich went to the congress of surgeons in Mexico. There he watched heart surgery with a heart-lung machine. In the Soviet Union, it was not possible to acquire such a device. And then Amosov came in handy with his engineering knowledge, he began to develop his project. After conducting numerous experiments on dogs, and then on patients, Amosov's heart-lung machine gave positive results and made him a world-renowned surgeon.
In 1962, Amosov began writing a diary, which was later republished in the book "Thoughts and Heart". This work has gained immense popularity and has been translated into 30 different languages. Then Amosov continued to write and soon his following books were published: "Notes from the Future", "PPG 2266 (Notes of a Field Surgeon)", "Thoughts on Health", "A Book about Happiness and Misfortune", "Overcoming Old Age" and many other works. In 1983, the Amosov clinic became the Institute of Cardiovascular Surgery. More than 7,000 lung resections were performed at this institution, about 96,000 heart operations, including 36,000 with a heart-lung machine.
In 1985, Nikolai Mikhailovich began to have serious heart problems. Everything affected: difficult childhood and adolescence, war, stress from hours of operations. He abandoned traditional treatment and began to use physical activity. But, unfortunately, a year later a pacemaker was sewn into him. In 1988, he resigned as director of the Institute, and four years later he stopped operating.
At the age of 79, Amosov continued to run, perform gymnastics and exercises with dumbbells, gradually increasing the load. He jogged for at least five kilometers, then did gymnastics for two hours, performing 2,500 dumbbell movements every day. The surgeon believed that during exercise, you need to bring the pulse to 140 beats per minute, then they will be beneficial. According to Amosov, the health improvement system should consist of three components: nutrition with a minimum amount of fat, active physical education and control of your psyche. In three months he achieved excellent results and felt in good shape.
But in 1998, the disease began to progress. Amosov was sent to be operated on in Germany. The best doctors in this field have used all the possibilities of cardiac surgery. They were able to extend the life of Nikolai Mikhailovich only for a short time. Amosov died on December 12, 2002 due to extensive myocardial infarction. He was buried in Kiev, at the Baikovo cemetery.
Nikolai Mikhailovich was awarded many prestigious awards for his work. His contribution to world science is invaluable. He left behind more than four hundred scientific works, as well as the school of cardiac surgery he founded. He is a legendary man, a genius of world medicine, who saved thousands of human lives.
Personal life
In 1934, Amosov married Galina Soboleva. It was an early marriage that soon fell apart.
During the war years, in a field hospital, Amosov met an operating nurse, Lydia Denisenko. In 1944 she became his wife. In 1956, the couple had a daughter, Katya.
