The 20th century has become an era of great discoveries and world wars for mankind. Over the past hundred years, it has become possible to watch television, explore space and exert political influence over powers through nuclear weapons. Cell phones, computers and the Internet have been invented in the world, without which a modern man can no longer imagine his life.
Aircraft
In 1903 Wilbor and Orville Wright built the Flyer airplane. The aircraft was equipped with a gasoline engine, and its maiden flight took place at an altitude of 3m and lasted for 12 seconds. In 1919 the first air line from Paris to London was opened. The maximum number of passengers allowed was 5 and the flight duration was 4 hours.
Radio broadcast
In 1906, the first radio broadcast went on the air. Canadian Regenald Fessenden played the violin on the radio, and his performance was received on ships thousands of miles away. By the early 1960s. the first battery-operated pocket radios appeared.
World War I
In 1914, the First World War began, in which 38 countries took part. The Quadruple Alliance (Germany, Austria-Hungary, Turkey and Bulgaria) and the Entente bloc (Russia, England, France, Italy, etc.) took part in the hostilities. The conflict took place between Austria and Serbia over the assassination of the Austrian heir to the throne. The war lasted more than 4 years, and more than 10 million soldiers died in the battles. The Entente bloc won, but the economies of the countries fell into decay during the hostilities.
Russian Revolution
In 1917, the Great October Revolution began in Russia. The tsarist regime was overthrown and the imperial family of the Romanovs was shot. The tsarist regime and capitalism were replaced by the socialist system, which proposed creating equality for all working people. The dictatorship of the proletariat was established in the country, and class society was liquidated. A new totalitarian state appeared - the Russian Socialist Federal Republic.
A television
In 1926 John Byrd received a television image, and in 1933 Vladimir Zvorykin achieved better reproduction quality. The electronic images were refreshed on the screen 25 times per second, resulting in moving images.
The Second World War
In 1939, World War II began, in which 61 states took part. Germany became the initiator of hostilities, which first attacked Poland and later the USSR. The war lasted 6 years and claimed 65 million lives. The greatest losses during the war fell to the lot of the USSR, but thanks to the invincible spirit, the Red Army won a victory over the fascist invaders.
Nuclear weapon
In 1945, nuclear weapons were used for the first time: American armed forces dropped nuclear bombs on the Japanese cities of Herashima and Nagasaki. Thus, the United States sought to hasten the end of World War II with Japan. Hundreds of thousands of residents were killed and the results of the bombing were disastrous.
Computers and the Internet
In 1945, two American engineers John Eckert and John Mokely created the first electronic computing machine (ECM), which weighed about 30 tons. In 1952, the first display was connected to a computer, and the first personal computer was created by Apple in 1983. In 1969, an Internet system was created to exchange information between scientific centers in the United States, and by the beginning of the 1990s. the Internet has become a worldwide network.
Space flight
In 1961, a Soviet rocket overcame gravity and made its first flight into space with a man on board. The three-stage rocket was built under the direction of Sergei Korolev, and the spacecraft was controlled by Russian cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin.
The collapse of the USSR
In 1985, Perestroika began in the Soviet Union: a multi-party system emerged, and glasnost and democracy replaced tough censorship. But many reforms led to an economic crisis and aggravation of national contradictions. In 1991 g.a coup took place in the Soviet Union, and the USSR disintegrated into 17 separate independent states. The country's territory has shrunk by a quarter, and the United States has become the world's only superpower.
