Alexander Solzhenitsyn is a writer, playwright, and public figure. In the Soviet Union, he was recognized as a dissident. The writer spent many years in prison. Solzhenitsyn is a Nobel Prize winner.
early years
Alexander Isaevich was born on December 11, 1918. His hometown is Kislovodsk. Alexander's father was a peasant, participated in the First World War. He died hunting before the birth of his son. Sasha's mother was the daughter of a wealthy landowner. But the family became poorer after the revolution and civil war. Subsequently, they lived in Rostov-on-Don.
Solzhenitsyn was brought up in religious traditions, he wore a cross, he did not want to be a pioneer. Later, Sasha changed his views, joined the Komsomol. As a high school student, he became interested in literature. He really liked the Russian classics. However, after graduating from school, Alexander entered the University Faculty of Physics and Mathematics, where he became one of the best graduates.
During his student years, Solzhenitsyn became interested in theater, tried to get into a theater school, but unsuccessfully. Then he entered the University of Moscow at the Faculty of Literature, but did not graduate because of the war.
Solzhenitsyn tried to go to the front as a volunteer, but due to health difficulties he was not taken. However, he managed to get into the officers' course. Alexander became a lieutenant, he was enlisted in the artillery. Solzhenitsyn received several orders for his successes.
Arrest
During the war, Solzhenitsyn became disillusioned with Stalin, about which he wrote to his friend Vitkevich Nikolai. The letters got to the leadership of the military censorship. For dissatisfaction with the government, Solzhenitsyn was arrested and sent to the Lubyanka, and then sentenced to 7 years in prison and exile.
Alexander worked at a construction site, and then was a mathematician in a prison that was subordinate to a closed bureau. After a conflict with the leadership of Solzhenitsyn, he was sent to a common camp in Kazakhstan. After his release, he began to work as a mathematics teacher in the village of Berlik (South Kazakhstan).
Creative biography
In 1956, the case was reviewed, and Solzhenitsyn was allowed to return to Russia. He began working as a teacher in Ryazan. He began to write while still in prison. Having published some works, Solzhenitsyn decided to devote time only to literary work.
Due to anti-Stalinist motives in the works, the writer's work was supported by Nikita Khrushchev. However, under Brezhnev, Solzhenitsyn's books were banned.
The works of Alexander Isaevich were published in France and the USA (without the knowledge of the writer). The Soviet authorities saw in the works a threat to the social order. The writer was offered to emigrate, but he refused. However, in 1974 Solzhenitsyn was stripped of his citizenship and expelled from the country.
Later, Alexander Isaevich lived in the USA, Switzerland, Germany, receiving royalties for the publication of his works. He also founded a Foundation to help the persecuted and their families. Under Gorbachev, the attitude towards the writer changed, and Yeltsin persuaded him to return, transferring the state dacha in Trinity-Lykovo to his ownership.
Alexander Isaevich died on August 2, 2008, the cause was heart failure. Before that, he was seriously ill.
Personal life
The first wife of Alexander Isaevich is Reshetovskaya Natalya. They met in 1936, when they were studying at the university. The marriage ended in divorce due to the arrest of the writer. NKVD officers persuaded Natalia to divorce. However, after rehabilitation, they re-formed the relationship.
In 1968, Alexander Isaevich began an affair with Natalia Svetlova. Because of this, Solzhenitsyn's wife tried to kill herself, but she was saved. A few years later, Alexander still divorced her. Svetlova Natalia became the second wife and assistant of Solzhenitsyn. They had 3 sons: Stepan, Ignat, Ermolai. Alexander Isaevich also raised Dmitry, Natalia's son from a previous marriage.
