The Prosecutor's Office is a federal agency that oversees compliance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, practically at all levels. Its powers include functions, thanks to which it is possible to exercise unhindered control over the main services that guard the rights of citizens.
The system of state power, like any other, needs control. This is what a department called the prosecutor's office is doing. Any citizen can take the opportunity to protect their rights and honor by contacting this department, both at the place of residence and at the federal level.
What is the prosecutor's office - definition
The prosecutor's office is a systematized federal body that oversees compliance with constitutional articles on behalf of the state. The system is overseen by either the Prosecutor General or the President of the Russian Federation.
The functionality, powers and main tasks of the department are regulated by Article 1 of the federal law "On the Prosecutor's Office", more precisely, by its 2nd clause. It says that the prosecutor's office must monitor
- ensuring the rule of law in all its directions,
- the legality of new bills in relation to the authorities and citizens,
- observance of the freedoms and rights of citizens of the country both on its territory and abroad,
- possible violations of the rights of citizens and the state and suppress them.
The prosecutor's office is an independent department and does not belong to any of the existing branches of government - executive, legislative, judicial. Employees of the prosecutor's office have the right to conduct checks on the legality of the activities of any citizens, representatives of the government, police, courts, social organizations of all types - medical, educational and others. Both ordinary citizens and officials, members of the government, police officers, bailiffs of all levels, from regional to federal, are obliged to comply with the orders of the prosecutor.
History of the establishment of the department
The very concept of "prosecutor's office" has Latin roots and literally translates as care, prevent, provide. The first mention of such a state-level body dates back to 1302. The retinue of the King of France included a prosecutor, whose duty was to note all violations of the law and bring information to the monarch.
In Russia, the prosecutor's office was created by Peter I in 1722. The emperor set clear goals for the new department - to get rid of the evil, at the origins of which are lawlessness and lawlessness, bribery and disorder in the state system.
The decree of January 12 designated the main branches of the prosecutor's office and their leaders:
- Attorney General,
- chief prosecutor,
- collegial prosecutors.
Yaguzhinsky Pavel Ivanovich became the head of the Prosecutor's Office of the Senate of Russia. It was on his shoulders that a high duty was entrusted - to report to the sovereign about cases submitted to the department and keep a report on the performance of their duties by prosecutors at all levels.
Powers of the Prosecutor's Office
The powers of the department are listed in Articles 22 and 27 of the Federal Law of the Russian Federation "On the Prosecutor's Office". In the course of ensuring the legality of all areas of activity and protecting the interests of individuals and legal entities, prosecutors
- supervise the implementation of legislative acts,
- control the activities of judicial, ministerial, executive, legislative and other departments of any level,
- are engaged in monitoring the protection of the rights of citizens,
- monitor the activities of operational-search, investigative and investigative bodies,
- monitor the work of administrative services and institutions where prisoners are held,
- make rulings for illegal judgments,
- accept and consider appeals of citizens about lawlessness in relation to them,
- are engaged in criminal prosecution and the fight against crime, including organized crime.
Prosecutors are obliged to accept applications from citizens without delay, and cannot interfere in this regard, immediately respond to complaints, initiate administrative and criminal proceedings, carry out search and investigative measures within their framework. The department is endowed with the proper powers to carry out these duties - prosecutors have the right to visit any territory, get acquainted with the documentation and interview participants in conflicts.
Department structure
The prosecutor's office is a centralized system of bodies, branches (institutions), with a clearly defined principle of subordination to the subordinate to the superior. All steps taken in order to reorganize, abolish or create new departments within its composition, determine their status and competence must be coordinated with the chief prosecutor of the Russian Federation.
The system includes:
- General Prosecutor's Office (federal),
- prosecutor's office of subjects of the state (regional),
- city or district prosecutor's office (territorial),
- specialized prosecutor's office - military, transport, environmental protection and others,
- educational and scientific departments of the prosecutor's office,
- printed publications and editions of the department.
At the level of federal districts, there are offices of the Prosecutor General of the Russian Federation. Employees for service in them and heads of departments are selected and appointed directly by the head of the department.
Legal status and responsibility of employees of the prosecutor's office
The legal status of employees of the prosecutor's office is regulated by the specifics of their duties, tasks assigned to the department by law and the state. Prosecutors have a law enforcement status. Applicants for vacancies in the prosecutor's office are subject to a number of strict requirements:
- Russian citizenship,
- the presence of higher education in the field of jurisprudence,
- accreditation obtained at the state level,
- certain moral qualities.
The legal status of the employees of this department is quite high, and if a citizen is hired by the prosecutor's office, he receives certain benefits, rights, and appropriate social security. All this is enshrined in legislative acts of the federal level. In addition, the prosecutor is legally endowed with much greater powers than the representatives of the investigative bodies.
But the responsibility of prosecutors is also quite high. For the use of their professional freedoms and rights for personal selfish purposes, employees of the department are punished much more severely than others. The most insignificant acts are also severely punished - untimely or improper performance of their duties, prejudice against citizens who have turned to the prosecutor's office for help, immoral behavior. The department has a system of penalties for such violations - from reprimands to fines and dismissal.
What can serve as a reason for contacting the prosecutor's office
As a rule, citizens come to the prosecutor's office when all instances for solving the problem have been passed, and their rights have been repeatedly violated. The department is obliged to resolve issues of any direction and respond accordingly to complaints of any type. The decision to initiate a prosecutor's check is made directly in the department where the citizen applied. In case of refusal, he has the right to redirect his application to the higher body of the prosecutor's office.
Any violation of the law and the rights of citizens can serve as a reason for contacting the prosecutor's office, for example:
- in the field of labor relations,
- infringement of social rights,
- libel at the media level and interpersonal, which influenced the reputation,
- lawlessness on the part of government agencies and the police, courts,
- inaction of officials of any level,
- lawlessness in the field of housing and communal services and on the part of the HOA
The reason for contacting the prosecutor's office can be anything, but its legitimacy and the possibility of ordering an inspection will be assessed by the department's employees.
