The Far East unites nine subjects of the Russian Federation: the Amur, Magadan, Sakhalin and Jewish Autonomous Oblasts, Kamchatka, Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, the Chukotka Autonomous District and the Yakutsk Republic (since 1991 - Sakha). And also groups of islands: Sakhalin, Wrangel, Kuriles, Shantarsky and Commander Islands.
Instructions
Step 1
Despite the fact that the entire territory of the Far Eastern Territory occupies a third of the territory of Russia, its population is no more than 5% of the total population of the country. In 1999, their number barely exceeded 7 million people, and over the next 10 years fell by 22%. The population of the largest cities in this region - Vladivostok and Khabarovsk - fluctuates within half a million. And the smallest administrative center of Chukotka, Anadyr, does not reach 12 thousand people. In search of more comfort and better opportunities, people continue to leave these harsh lands, despite the efforts of local authorities to find new ways of development and the raison d'être of people in these regions.
Step 2
In the opinion of the residents themselves, the reason for the depopulation is the low level of income due to weak entrepreneurial activity and job cuts, as well as the lack of preschool and educational institutions. Owners of small and medium-sized businesses argue that the reason is the low consumer capacity of the population, weak urban infrastructure, "administrative barriers" and the lack of qualified specialists. A powerful deterrent to the transition of medium-sized businesses to large ones is corruption at different levels of government and in the form of criminal elements as such.
Step 3
It should be noted that the Far Eastern cities are relatively young. For example, Khabarovsk was founded in 1880, Vladivostok with a population of more than 600 thousand people was founded in 1860 as a military fortress, but after 20 years it became a city. The development of lands far from the capital region has always been a priority for Russia, and therefore a lot of effort and money was spent on the development of territories. So, in these northern cities there are many cultural institutions that the central part of the country can only envy; the Far Eastern Federal University has been created with six hundred educational programs. This is a real giant that forms an entire student city in the very heart of Vladivostok.
Step 4
Due to their favorable location, Khabarovsk and Vladivostok are ahead of other cities in terms of infrastructure development and human resources. An indisputable advantage is a good transport interchange: the presence of air, railway and road communications. The proximity of China contributes to the establishment of supplies of raw materials and goods, attracting investors. Such cities as Blagoveshchensk and Artem are not far behind in this respect. Where there is also a productive dialogue between the authorities and entrepreneurs, there are business support programs, healthy competition, and a low level of corruption.
Step 5
Residents of Yakutsk, the homeland of diamonds, on the contrary, are not spoiled by a developed infrastructure, support from local authorities and a decent standard of living. The same category of cities with Spartan conditions includes Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Magadan. Nevertheless, Yakutia and Kamchatka attract tourists with their extreme and wild beauty. Alpine skiing, hunting, dog sledding, ecotourism and ethnographic excursions are just a few of the activities available.
