In Arabic, the word "Islam" means submission, obedience and obedience. As an existing religion, Islam requires obedience and complete obedience to Allah. In another sense, "Islam" is translated as peace, which means that it is possible to achieve peace of mind only through obedience to Allah.
The five main columns of Islam
In Islam, there are five main duties that have been prescribed by the adherents of this faith:
- there is no God but Allah, and the Prophet Muhammad is his messenger (shahada);
- performing a daily five-fold prayer (salad);
- fasting during the month of Ramadan (saunas);
- alms for the poor (sunset);
- a pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj) made at least once in a lifetime.
Sources of the doctrine of Islam
The main source of doctrine among Muslims is the Koran. It is understood by Muslims as an uncreated and eternal "word of God", a revelation that Allah dictated to the Prophet Muhammad through his angel Gabriel. Just as the Christian God was incarnated for the Orthodox in Jesus Christ, Allah revealed himself in the book of the Koran. The second, less significant source of beliefs among Muslims is the Sunnah, or sacred tradition, which describes examples from the life of the Prophet Muhammad. Sunnahs are material for solving legal, religious and socio-political problems that arise in the Muslim community.
The most important principles of the religion of Islam
The most important principle of Islam as a religion is the strictest monotheism, which is only unconditional and absolute. In the Qur'an, Allah appears at the same time as the Most High, Almighty, formidable and at the same time as a compassionate, merciful and forgiving God.
Islam in its expanded sense means the whole world, within which all the laws of the Holy Scriptures are established and operate. Muslims have the concept of "dar al-Islam", or the abode of Islam, as well as the opposite concept - "dar al-harb," or the territory of war, which is subject to transformation into the abode of Islam through spiritual or military jihad.
Fundamentals of Sharia
The laws of Islam are developed only on the basis of hadiths (speeches of the Prophet) and the Koran. The basic concepts of the righteous life of a Muslim are as follows:
- farz - an action that obliges every believer to fulfill the instructions, for the fulfillment of which he will receive a reward from Allah, and for failure to fulfill - a severe punishment - a transition to a group of unbelievers;
- vazhib - as well as farz, obliges believers to fulfill their predetermined, for the fulfillment of which the believer is rewarded, but for non-fulfillment a person does not fall into the category of infidels, but is simply considered a great sinner;
- Sunnat - actions that every believer should strive to perform, for this he will be rewarded by Allah, but whoever does not fulfill the Sunnats for no reason will be asked about this on the day of judgment;
- mustahab - actions that a prophet or believers must perform, but for failure to fulfill the punishment will not follow;
- Haram - an action that is strictly prohibited by the Shariah, for its execution there is a severe punishment (haram is similar to the Orthodox 10 Commandments).
