It is known that for a long time the Cossacks have been a special military class that carried out dangerous service on the borders of our country. Initially, he was assigned the status of "free" (Donskoye, Volzhsky, Uralsky), representing a kind of community, consisting mainly of fugitive serfs, persecuted either by boyar lawlessness, or by famine raging in Russia with enviable periodicity.
Instructions
Step 1
Today, many respected historians come to the general opinion that the Cossacks are a multinational community, which included not only Russians, but also Tatars, Poles, and Lithuanians. The most famous branch of the Cossacks was and remains the Don Cossacks, which, according to official data, arose in the 16th century by uniting small groups looking for a truly free and satisfying life. The inhabitants of many Russian villages came here, the defeated troops, consisting of immigrants from European countries.
Step 2
It is they, the Don Cossacks, who are considered the oldest in our country; they are responsible for high-profile feats, such as the capture of the Azov fortress, the conquest of Siberia, the Amur region, and the laying of the Northern Sea Route. It was it, moving along the great river, then inhabited the remote corners of the vast country.
Step 3
Since the end of the 17th century, mainly from the Don and Moscow fugitive peasants, the well-known Volga Cossacks, which initially hunted robbery, arose. Since the time of Yemelyan Pugachev, this branch officially passed to the sovereign's service and was resettled in the regions of the Caucasus, giving rise to the Astrakhan, Mosdog and Volga regiments.
Step 4
In the south of the Urals, the Cossacks officially settled at the end of the 16th century. The Orenburg Cossacks settled, respectively, the Orenburg and Chelyabinsk regions. A little later, the Cossacks, who lived along the lower reaches of the Urals and in the western Ural region, separated into the Yaitsk division.
Step 5
Settled throughout the entire territory of the modern Omsk region, Altai Territory and some regions of Kazakhstan, the Siberian Cossacks, subordinate to the government, lived until 1920. Consistently developing the territory of eastern Siberia, the Cossack army formed more and more new branches, such as the Yenisei, Ussuri, Amur and Semirechenskoe. The territories of the Chita region and Buryatia are the indigenous habitat of the Trans-Baikal Cossacks.
Step 6
The Krasnodar region and the Stavropol Territory of the 17th century sheltered the Kuban Cossacks. Back in 1832, in order to protect the North Caucasian borders, detachments of the Caucasian Cossacks were created with the main control center in the city of Vladikavkaz. The Danube and Prut rivers, as well as the entire Black Sea coast, which were considered the border regions of the Russian state, have been blued by the Danube Cossacks since ancient times.
Step 7
So, summarizing the summary, it can be noted that up to the 17th century, the Cossacks were considered a free people, inclined to independently choose their habitat and occupation, however, from the 18th century, the authorities finally subjugated this branch, using it to carry out the border service and populating it with representatives of the Cossacks especially stressed areas and territories. The Cossack estate existed until the beginning of the 20th century. Today it is gaining momentum again and is becoming the choice of those who honor the traditions of freedom and life in accordance with the laws of truth and honor.
